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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-7365
    Schlagwort(e): Ethanol ; GLUT1 ; GLUT3 ; Glucose ; Cerebral Metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract In the normal adult brain, glucose provides 90% of the energy requirements as well as substrate for nucleic acid and lipid synthesis. In the present study, effects of ethanol on glucose transporters (GLUT) and glucose utilization were examined in rat brain. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300 gms were given either ethanol 3 gm/kg BW or saline IP 4 hrs prior to the animal sacrifice and removal of the cerebral cortical tissue. The cortical plasma membranes analyzed by cytochalasin B binding assay showed a decrease in GLUT number but not in GLUT affinity in the ethanol treated rats as compared to the control rats. The estimated Ro values were 70 ± 8.9 Vs 91 ± 8.9 pmoles/mg protein (p 〈 0.05 N=4) and the estimated Kd values were 0.37 ± 0.03 and 0.28 ± 0.05 μM (p: NS) in ethanol and control experiments respectively. Immunoblots of purified cerebral plasma membranes and low density microsomal fraction showed 17% and 71% decrease for GLUT1 and 54% and 21% (p〈0.05 or less; n=6) for GLUT3 respectively in ethanol treated rats than in control animals. Immunofluoresence studies also showed reduction of GLUT1 immunoreactively in choroid plexus and cortical microvessels of ethanol treated rats as compared to control rats. The effect of ethanol on regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (CMRGle) was studied using [6-14C] glucose and showed statistically insignificant decrease in brain glucose utilization. These data suggest that ethanol invivo decrease GLUT number and protein content in rat cerebral cortex
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Metabolic brain disease 11 (1996), S. 343-357 
    ISSN: 1573-7365
    Schlagwort(e): Ethanol ; GLUT1 ; astrocyte ; in situ hydridization ; immunocytochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Effects of ethanol on glucose transporter gene expression were examined in cultured rat astrocytes. Exposure to 50 or 100 mM ethanol for 18 hours significantly inhibited hexose uptake and reduced the number of glucose transporters, as indicated by binding studies with cytochalasin B. Indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase staining showed marked reduction of the GLUT1 glucose transporter by exposure to 100 mM ethanol for 5 or 18 hours, but no obvious change in response to 50 mM ethanol. Western blot analysis showed GLUT1 protein levels to be decreased by 52±12% (p〈0.05) after exposure to 100 mM ethanol for 18 hours.In situ hybridization histochemistry indicated an increase in steady-state GLUT1 mRNA in astrocytes exposed to 50 or 100 mM ethanol for 5 or 18 hours. Quantitation of GLUT1 mRNA levels by northern blot analysis showed that GLUT1 mRNA levels were increased by 59 and 112% in cells treated for 5 h with 50 and 100 mM ethanol, respectively. A similar effect was observed after treatment for 18 hours, but ethanol did not alter actin gene expression. Experiments using actinomycin D to block RNA synthesis suggest that this increase in steady-state mRNA level results from increased message stability. These results suggest that ethanol acts on GLUT1 gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 156 (1988), S. 21-27 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Es wurden Polyester basierend auf 1,4,5,6,7,7-Hexachlor-5-norbornen-2,3-dicarbonällureanhydrid (I), Tetrachlorphthalsäureanhydrid (II), Dibromneopentylglykol (II), ein Polyesterblend (V) bestehend aus dem Polyester (III) und einem Polyester (IV) für allgemeine Zwecke, ein Polyester (VI) basierend auf 1,4,5,6,7,7-Hexachlor-5-norbornen-2,3-dicarbonsäureanhydrid und dem Polyester III und ein Polyesterblend (VII) bestehend aus den Polyestern I und III hergestellt. Ihre chemische Resistenz und ihre Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme bei Temperaturen von 25 und 65°C wurden in Säuren, 20% NaOH und Wasser untersucht. Hierbei wurde gefunden, daß der Polyester (III) von den Säuren am wenigsten angegriffen wird. Verglichen mit unbehandelten Poly meren fand bei beiden Temperaturen in 20% NaOH eine Gewichtsabnahme bei allen Polyestern statt, mit Ausnahme des Polyesters VII. Erne Gewichtszunahme aller Polyester wurde beobachtet durch Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme sowohl bei 25 als auch bei 65°C, wobei die Zunahme bei der höheren Temperatur größer war. Der Polyester III zeigte die geringste Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme.
    Notizen: Chlorendic anhydride based polyester (I,) tetrachlorophthalic anhydride based polyester (II), dibromoneopentyl glycol based polyester (III,) general purpose polyester (IV,) blend of dibromoneopentyl glycol based polyester with general purpose polyester (V,) chlorendic anhydride and dibromoneopentyl glycol based polyester (VI), and a blend of chlorendic anhydride based polyester and dibromoneopentyl glycol based polyester (VII) were prepared and their chemical resistance and moisture absorption studied in various reagents, acid, alkali, and water, at 25 and 65°C. It is found that the polyester (III) is the least affected in the presence of the acids. In 20% NaOH, there was a decrease in weight for all polyesters at both the temperatures compared to the control except the polyester (VII). Increase in weight of all the polyesters was observed during the absorption of moisture both at 25 and 65°C. The increase was higher at higher temperature. Polyester (III) thus shows the least absorption of moisture.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 121 (1988), S. 2067-2069 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: 4-Benzylidene-5-oxazolones 5 do not react with P(OMe)3; with P(NMe2)3 they give rise to 4-α-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphoryl]benzyl-5-dimethylaminooxazoles 6. This behavior differs from that of the corresponding pyrazolones and isoxazolones and is attributed to a decreased stability of the dipolar adduct resulting from a β attack of phosphorus.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 124 (1991), S. 475-480 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): 1,3-Azaphosphole, annulation to pyridine ; 2-Phosphaindolizines ; Pyridinium bromides, 1,2-dialkyl ; Phosphorus(III) chloride, condensation with CH2 groups ; Calculations, MNDO ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 128 (1995), S. 581-587 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Anellated azaphospholes ; Hantzsch-type [3 + 2] cyclocondensation ; Chloromethyldichlorophosphane ; Regioselectivity ; 31P-, 1H-, 13C-NMR spectra ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The [3 + 2] cyclocondensation of 2-amino-1,3-thiazoline, 2-aminopyridines, 2- and 4-aminopyrimidines, 2-aminopyrazine, and 2-aminoquinoline with chloromethyldichlorophosphane in the presence of triethylamine yields regiospecifically 5,6-dihydrothiazolo[2,3-e][1,4,2]diazaphosphole (3), 1,4,2-diazaphospholo[4,5-α]pyridines (12), 1,4,2-diazaphospholo[4,5-α]pyrimidines (15), 1,4,2-diazaphospholo[4,5-e]pyrimidine (17), 1,4,2-diazaphospholo[4,5-α]pyrazine (19), and [1,4,2]diazaphospholo[4,5-α]quinoline (22), respectively. Using 2-amino-1,3-thiazole (4) and 2-aminobenzothiazoles 8, we obtained mixtures of the 1,5- and 4,5-anellated 1,4,2-diazaphospholes 5/6, 9a/10a and 9b/10b, while in the case of the methyl derivative 8c only the [1,4,2]diazaphospholo[5,4-b][1,3]benzothiazole 10c was formed. In the reaction of 2-aminothiazole and 2-aminopyrazine with Chloromethyldichlorophosphane the bis(diazaphospholo)-substituted chloromethylphosphanes 7 and 20 could be detected. The new anellated 1,4,2-diazaphospholes are colorless to pale yellow crystalline moisture-sensitive solids.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 126 (1993), S. 2367-2371 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Tin, (alkylthio)stilbene complexes of ; cis-stilbene-α-thiol, β-(methylthio)-, tin(IV) complexes of ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The S-methyl-cis-stilbene-α,β-dithiolate of Sn(IV), Sn[Ph(S)C=C(SCH3)Ph]4, has an octacoordinate structure with two sets of four covalent and coordinate Sn-S and Sn-S(CH3) bonds of 2.425(3) and 3.599(3) Å, respectively. Both types of Sn-S bonds are close to being tetrahedral, the coordination geometry is a distorted cube. This unprecedented structure appears to involve conventional covalent and outer-sphere coordinative Sn-S bonds. In the diphenyl derivative Ph2Sn[Ph(S)C=C(SCH3)Ph]2 the SnC2S2 core formed by the covalent Sn-C and Sn-S(thiolato) bonds is tetrahedral, but two coordinate outer-sphere Sn-S(CH3) bonds of 3.500(3) Å are also present. In the related SnCl2[Ph(S)C=C(SCH3)Ph]2 the presence of the polar Sn-Cl bonds prevents outer-sphere bonding; the coordination geometry is distorted octahedral. In the triphenyltin derivative Ph3Sn[Ph(S)C=C(SCH3)Ph] the coordination geometry is tetrahedral, the thiol-thioether ligand being monodentate with the SCH3 group in a non-interactive position.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 1079-1086 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Schlagwort(e): Phosphorus heterocycles ; P ligands ; Transition metals ; Carbonyl complexes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The complex chemical behaviour of 2-phosphaindolizines 1 (1,3-azaphospholo[1,5-a]pyridines) towards metal carbonyl compounds was studied. (η1-2-Phosphaindolizine)M(CO)5 complexes 2-4 (M = Cr, Mo, W) were formed from 1 and [(THF)M(CO)5], the cis-L2Cr(CO)4 complex 5f from 1f and tetracarbonyl(norbornadiene) chromium(0). The reaction of 2-phosphaindolizines 1e, 1f, or 1g with tricarbonyl(cycloheptatriene)molybdenum(0) or tricarbonyl(mesitylene)tungsten(0) yielded σ-complexes of the types L2M(CO)4or L3M(CO)3 rather than isolable π-complexes. In one case a strong upfield signal (δ31P = 6.1) was observed with a coordination shift of Δδ = -161.7, which is typical for π-coordination. Prolonged reaction or work-up led, however, to dismutation yielding 1g and the fac-L3Mo(CO)3 complex 6g. X-ray structure analysis of 2a indicates an increased 10π-delocalization compared with 1a and a changed conformation of the acyl substituent. The influence of substituents and metals on the 31P and 13C complexation chemical shifts and coupling constants is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Schlagwort(e): Oxo enamines ; Reductive addition ; Hydrazoic acid ; δ-Lactones ; δ-Lactams ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: -γ-Oxo-α,β-unsaturated δ-lactones and lactams, which are easily accessible from their corresponding 2-furylcarbinols, were used as substrates for the 1,4-reductive addition of hydrazoic acid. The outcome of the reaction is the formation, in high yields, of the corresponding α-amino-γ-oxo-α,β-unsaturated δ-lactones and -lactams, compounds of great biological and synthetic interest.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Heteroatom Chemistry 3 (1992), S. 359-366 
    ISSN: 1042-7163
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Bromine does not add to phosphorus in a 2-phosphaindolizine 1 but substitutes its 1-position. The 1-bromo derivatives 2 are best prepared with Br2/NEt3 or N-bromosuccinimide. Their hydrolysis is remarkable; it involves a debromination of C-1, an oxidation of P and a selective opening of the P/C-3 bond.PCl3 also causes a substitution of the 1-position. The resulting 1-dichlorophosphino derivatives 5 easily undergo a substituent exchange at the exocyclic phosphorus. More 1-phosphino derivatives are formed in the reaction of 1 with phenyl and diazaphospholyl dichlorophosphine.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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