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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 217 (1978), S. 207-212 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Epilepsy ; Immunoglobulin ; IgA deficiency ; Human genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei Patienten mit Anfalleiden wurden verminderte Serum-IgA-Konzentrationen festgestellt. Weitere Studien zeigten, daß tiefe IgA-Werte vor allem bei Patienten (bis 25%) nachweisbar sind, die unter Hydantoinmedikation stehen und bei denen entweder eine familiäre Häufung von Anfalleiden oder anderen ins Gewicht fallenden konstitutionellen Faktoren bekannt sind. Um mehr Informationen über die Beziehung des IgA-Mangels zur konstitutionell erhöhten cerebralen Anfallbereitschaft zu erhalten, wurden 9 Familien mit jeweils mehreren Anfallkranken untersucht: 16 von 19 (84%) Patienten (drei davon ohne Hydantoinbehandlung) zeigten einen IgA-Mangel, welcher bei 45 anfallfreien Angehörigen nicht nachweisbar war; hingegen hatten vier dieser Verwandten nicht meßbare IgM-Serumkonzentrationen. Die Untersuchung weiterer 7 Familien mit jeweils nur einem Anfallkranken mit IgA-Mangel brachte bei 58 Angehörigen keine weiteren IgA-Mangelzustände, hingegen bei 24 Personen hohe IgM-Serumkonzentrationen. Die familiäre Häufung von IgA-Mangel und Anfalleiden sowie von abnormen IgM-Serumkonzentrationen bei anfallfreien Angehörigen unterstützen die Hypothese, daß eine Assoziation von Immunstörungen und bestimmten Formen der Epilepsie besteht.
    Notes: Summary Serum levels of IgA were found to be reduced in some patients with epilepsy. Further studies revealed that only epileptics with constitutional factors for seizures showed, if ever, IgA deficiency, particularly those treated with hydantoins (up to 25%). In order further to substantiate the association of immunoglobulin alterations with epilepsy nine families in whom the disease was clustered were investigated. An IgA deficiency was detected in 16 of the 19 epileptics (three without hydantoin medication), but in none of their 45 non-epileptic relatives. However, four of the relatives had a low IgM. Seven other families were tested in each of which only one IgA deficient epileptic was known. No other family members were found with a low IgA, but 24 of 58 such relatives had increased IgM serum concentrations. The association of IgA deficiency and epilepsy with IgM imbalances in relatives of IgA deficient epileptics gives additional support for the hypothesis that immune imbalances and certain forms of epilepsy might be linked.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 220 (1979), S. 297-301 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Epilepsy ; IgA deficiency ; Hydantoins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 12% der Patienten mit Anfalleiden wurden verminderte Serum-IgA-Konzentrationen festgestellt. Die Entstehung des IgA-Mangels hängt von der Hydantointherapie sowie von anfallauslösenden Faktoren ab. Die Verfolgung der individuellen IgA-Serumkonzentrationen über 11/2 bis 2 Jahre zeigt nun, daß bei den einzelnen Patienten der IgA-Mangel ein konstantes Merkmal ist. Markante Änderungen der IgA-Werte wurden nach Einsetzen oder Absetzen der Hydantoinmedikation festgestellt. Allerdings sind IgA-Mangelzustände auch bei unbehandelten Anfallkranken nachgewiesen worden. Eine neue Einteilung des Immundefektes bei Anfallkranken wird vorgeschlagen.
    Notes: Summary Up to 12% of epileptic patients have subnormal IgA serum concentrations. Previous observations suggest that IgA deficiency is correlated with hydantoin treatment and also with the type of seizure. In a followup study it is shown that IgA deficiency in epileptics is a rather constant feature of a given patient. The most pronounced changes in IgA levels were seen in patients in whom the hydantoin medication also changed. However, low IgA levels have also been reported in untreated epileptics. A new classification for the immunodeficiency state in epileptics is introduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 17 (1991), S. 625-636 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Opisthobranch ; nudibranch ; Hypselodoris webbi ; Hypselodoris ; villafranca ; sponge ; Dysidea fragilis ; chemical defense ; longifolin ; nakafuran-9 ; isotavacfuran
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Hypselodoris nudibranchs from different geographic areas (Spain and Italy) have been studied in order to investigate their general defensive strategy. Longifolin (1) and nakafuran-9 (2) are the main ichthyodeterrent allomones used by the mollusks to avoid predation. Evidence of their dietary origin is presented and the very effective strategy against predators, which includes secretion of allomones into the mucus and their storage into specific mantle dermal formations (MDFs), is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Opisthobranch ; nudibranch ; Hypselodoris ; chemical defense ; prey-predator relationship ; mantle dermal formations ; furanosesquiterpenoids ; Dysideidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract ThreeHypselodoris species,H. villafranca, H. cantabrica, and H. tricolor, have been studied in order to further investigate the defensive strategies of Chromodorididae mollusks from Iberian coasts. All animals possess large amounts of furanosesquiterpenoids, probably derived from their diet of sponges. The products are transferred and stored in specific sites of the mantle (mantle dermal formations, MDFs) to be used as chemical deterrents against predators. Chemical analysis of CantabrianHypselodoris species has led to the characterization of eight sesquiterpenoids. Among these, six have been found previously in both sponges and nudibranchs, while two are new natural products.Hypselodoris species cooccurring in the same area contained comparable mixtures of sesquiterpenoids. However, two populations ofH. cantabrica from different sites of the Cantabrian sea showed different metabolic patterns. All sesquiterpenoids induce feeding deterrence inCarassius auratus and two are also toxic toGambusia affinis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 13 (1974), S. 157-167 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis of the oligomeric peptides (Glu)n-Phe(NO2)-Phe (up to n = 4) by the solid-phase method is reported. Fractionation by ion-exchange column chromatography of the crude materials cleaved from the resin and subsequent amino acid analysis revealed that the desired peptides were obtained, although contaminated by several by-products whose number depends on the length of peptide chain and on the experimental conditions.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: Saraines ; 2D COSY NMR ; 2D 1H-13C COSY NMR ; Alkaloids ; Sponge ; Reniera sarai ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An extensive application of two-dimensional proton-proton and proton-carbon shift correlated spectroscopy allowed the structural elucidation of isosaraine-2, a minor component of an unique family of alkaloids from the sponge Reniera sarai.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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