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  • Chemistry  (3)
  • Morphine  (1)
  • PET and acrylic coating  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relative potency of controlled-release oxycodone and controlled-release morphine in a postoperative pain model (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 55 (1999), S. 425-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Oxycodone ; Morphine ; Controlled-release formulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The relative analgesic potency of single doses of oral controlled-release oxycodone and oral controlled-release morphine were compared in a randomized, double-blind trial using a postoperative pain model. Methods: Women (n = 169) with moderate to severe pain following abdominal hysterectomy received single oral doses of controlled-release oxycodone, 20 mg or 40 mg, or controlled-release morphine, 45 mg or 90 mg. Assessments were made at 30 min, 60 min, then hourly after dosing for 12 h or until remedication. Results: The most precise estimates of relative potency showed that controlled-release oxycodone was 1.8 times more potent than controlled-release morphine for total effect (95% confidence limits 1.09–2.42; lambda 0.44) and 2.2 times more potent for peak effect (95% confidence limits 0.96–4.59; lambda 0.71). Controlled-release oxycodone at doses of 20 mg or 40 mg was comparable with controlled-release morphine at doses of 45 mg or 90 mg, respectively, for total and peak analgesic effects. For the two higher doses, time to peak relief was approximately 1 h shorter with controlled-release oxycodone than with controlled-release morphine. Most patients reported onset of analgesia within 1 h with all doses. Side effects were similar with the two opioids. Conclusion: Oral controlled-release oxycodone was twice as potent as oral controlled-release morphine in this single-dose, relative potency assay. When converting patients from oral morphine to oral oxycodone, an initial oral oxycodone dose of one-half the oral morphine dose is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050651
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ and Real-Time Monitoring of Plasma-Induced Etching of PET and Acrylic Films (1999)
    Springer
    Plasmas and polymers 4 (1999), S. 247-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8978
    Keywords: Plasma ; polymer etching ; in situ detection ; PET and acrylic coating
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Residual gas analysis (RGA) and optical emission spectroscopy have been evaluated as potential in situ techniques for the detection of plasma-induced polymer surface etching. The detection is based on the measurement of CO and CO2 species formed in the gas phase following oxidation of the etching fragments released from the polymer surface. Experiments were performed on poly(ethylene terephthalate) and UV-cured acrylic (tripropylene glycol diacrylate) films exposed to O2 RF (13.56 MHz) plasmas. A linear correlation is obtained between the formation of CO and the polymer etching rate over the entire experimental range, but discrepancies appear for the formation of CO2 at high treatment powers (etching rate 〉 1.0 μg/min.cm2). This behavior is attributed to a deficit of oxidizing agents relative to the generation of etching fragments. The results suggest that both RGA and optical emission spectroscopy can be used to monitor in situ and in real-time the etching of polymer surfaces during plasma treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021875310148
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions of polymer model surfaces with cold plasmas: Hexatriacontane as a model molecule of high-density polyethylene and octadecyl octadecanoate as a model of polyester. I. Degradation rate versus time and power (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 46 (1992), S. 1955-1966 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: To gain a better understanding of the evolution of polymer surfaces under cold plasmas, model polymer surfaces were studied. The degradation products and the gas phase were investigated by mass and optical emission spectrometry. Their evolution versus time and power enable us to propose a mechanism that involves atomic oxygen, OH* and H* radicals. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070461108
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the interactions of model polymer surface with cold plasmas. II. Degradation rate versus pressure and gas flow rate (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 46 (1992), S. 2063-2074 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This work deals with the influence of pressure, gas flow rate, and gas mixture on the etching rates of polymer model molecules such as hexatriacontane (C36H74) and octadecyl octadecanoate (OOD) treated in an oxygen or argon plasma. Mass spectrometry and optical emission spectroscopy have been used to monitor the formation and evolution of the fragments coming from chain breaking in terms of their concentration and emission intensity, respectively. It was demonstrated that pressure and gas flow rate are two important parameters in the interaction of cold plasmas and of polymer surfaces. The results obtained can be explained by combined effects such as electron energy and its density, residence time, “quenching effect,” as well as chemical reactions. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070461201
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angle-resolved XPS study of plasma-treated teflon PFA surfaces (1995)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 23 (1995), S. 99-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Teflon PFA (polytetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluoroalkoxy vinyl ether) was treated by a low-pressure microwave (2.45 GHz) plasma in O2, N2, H2, He and their mixtures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements showed ablation of fluorine and incorporation of new O- and N-containing groups into the surface. Among the different gases, H2 is the most efficient for defluorination, N2 + H2 for surface functionalization, while O2 showed the least performance for both effects. Plasma treatments using N2 + H2 and O2 + H2 resulted in intermediate defluorination, i.e. between those in the pure gases, and sequential treatment by He/(N2 + H2) showed an additive effect of He and N2 + H2 alone. Angle-resolved XPS measurements revealed a pronounced gradient in the near-surface composition following H2, N2 + H2 and He/(N2 + H2) plasma treatments, in contrast to a more uniform depth distribution upon O2, N2 and He exposures. The surface modification of Teflon PFA leads to an enhanced adhesion of metals such as Cu, Ag and Au.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740230209
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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