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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 277 (1973), S. 267-279 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Probenecid ; Cardiac Glykosides ; Distribution ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Distribution studies have been performed on mice with tritium labelled Digitoxin, Digoxin and Ouabain. Contrary to many other species Digitoxin does not lead to an accumulation of radioactivity in the mouse organs. Neither the liver, nor the muscle, nor the kidney concentrations ever reached plasma radioactivity levels; the highest organ concentrations in steady state were found in the liver,and attained between 40 and 50% of plasma radioactivity concentrations. Radiochromatographic controls of these experiments in the liver, bile and plasma showed that Digitoxin is metabolized to a very small extent only and is especially not subject to 12-β-hydroxylation: no Digoxin is demonstrable in liver, bile, plasma, and urine of the mouse following Digitoxin administration. Unlike with Digitoxin is the concentration of Digoxin and Ouabain in the mouse liver very effective. Liver radioactivity after 3H-Digoxin administration is found mostly to be 2–3 fold above plasma level concentrations whereas Ouabain—not metabolized in the mouse—may reach liver concentrations up to 35 times the plasma level. Radioactivity in bile reflects this behaviour: Ouabain bile levels reach the highest values (up to 200 fold) whereas Digitoxin never exceeds plasma radioactivity. When Probenecid was given together with the cardiac glykosides, Digitoxin plasma radioactivity fell to about half of the control values with a slight rise in liver and muscle concentrations. With Digoxin and even more with Ouabain Probenecid inhibited their accumulation in the liver leading to a redistribution into the plasma and muscles with subsequent higher muscle concentrations. The general Probenecid effect was to level out concentration gradients mostly pronounced in the Ouabain experiments where also the effect was achieved with the lowest Probenecid dose (20 mg/kg). A satisfactory explanation for this effet is not yet possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 76 (1964), S. 273-274 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 3 (1964), S. 310-310 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 340 (1965), S. 1-15 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Low-polymeric, cyclic and linear methyl- and phenylsiloxanes are split in methanolic solution by hydrogen iodide. The velocity of the splitting reaction can be determined quantitatively by titration with Karl Fischer's reagent of the silanol groups formed during the process of splitting. The splitting reaction is of the first order and takes place in accordance with the type of an SN 1 reaction.The speed of this acidolytic splitting is very different for the various siloxanes depending on substitution and molecular structure. The influence of the donor-acceptor properties of the substituents as well as of the siloxane bond angle SiOSi on the splittability is discussed.
    Notes: Niederpolymere, cyclische und lineare Methyl- und Phenylsiloxane werden in methanolischer Lösung mit Jodwasserstoff gespalten. Die Geschwindigkeit der Spaltungsreaktion läßt sich durch Titration der bei der Spaltung entstehenden Silanolgruppen mit Karl-Fischer-Reagenz quantitativ bestimmen. Die Spaltungsreaktion ist 1. Ordnung und verläuft nach dem Typ einer SN 1-Reaktion.Die Geschwindigkeit der acidolytischen Spaltung ist bei verschiedenen Siloxanen je nach der Substitution und der Molekülstruktur sehr unterschiedlich. Der Einfluß der Donator-Acceptoreigenschaften der Substituenten sowie des Siloxanbindungswinkels SiOSi auf die Spaltbarkeit wird diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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