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  • Chemotherapy  (1)
  • Continent ileostomy  (1)
  • Grading  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Prostate cancer ; Chemotherapy ; 5-Fluorouracil ; Folinic acid ; Cell culture ; Tumor spheroids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The results of cytotoxic chemotherapy for advanced, hormone-escaped prostate cancer have been disappointing. Evaluation of the effect of new drugs or new combinations with already known ones is required. The antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been shown to be active in prostate cancer, acting via inhibition of thymidylate synthase, an essential enzyme in DNA de novo synthesis. Experiments with cell lines of different tumors have shown that 5-FU activity can be modulated by addition of the coenzyme tetrahydrofolic acid (folinic acid). We investigated the effect of folinic acid and its stereoisomers on 5-FU action in different cell lines of prostate cancer. It was found that addition of non-toxic folinic acid led to a two- to fourfold better antiproliferative effect of 5-FU. The unnatural 6R isomer, which is a compound of chemically synthesized folinic acid, inhibited the modulatory effect of the natural 6S isomer. Our results indicated that a combination of folinic acid and 5-FU may result in a better response of patients with hormone-resistant prostate cancer than of patients treated with 5-FU alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 19 (1998), S. 59-62 
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Prostatakarzinom ; Staging ; Grading ; Key words Prostate cancer ; Staging ; Grading
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Prostate cancer has become the most common cancer in males in Western countries. In the United States 317000 men were newly diagnosed with this disease in 1996. Screening efforts will identify increasing numbers of men who will be scheduled for prostate biopsy. Since the progression of prostate cancer varies widely from rapid tumor growth with early distant metastases to slow growth with good prognosis, it is of utmost importance that prognostic parameters be identified which allow the course of the disease to be predicted. Thus, the correct pathohistological staging, the evaluation of different grading systems, and the biological impact of positive surgical margins after radical prostatectomy requires collaboration between urologists and pathologists.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Prostatakarzinom ist mittlerweile der häufigste Tumor des Mannes in den westlichen Industrieländern. In den USA wurde im Jahr 1996 ein solches Karzinom bei 317000 Männern diagnostiziert. Durch intensivierte Screeningbemühungen werden immer mehr Männer einer Prostatabiopsie zugeführt. Die Progression des Prostatakarzinoms reicht von einem schnellen Tumorwachstum mit frühzeitiger Metastasierung bis hin zu einem langsamen Wachstum mit guter Prognose. Aus diesem Grund ist es von großer Bedeutung, prognostische Parameter zu identifizieren, die eine Aussage zum Krankheitsverlauf ermöglichen. Neben der Identifizierung von Prognosefaktoren erfordert die korrekte pathohistologische Klassifizierung, die Evaluation von Gradingsystemen und die Beurteilung der biologischen Bedeutung positiver Absetzungsränder nach radikaler Prostatektomie die enge Kooperation zwischen Urologen und Pathologen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 362 (1984), S. 193-204 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Continent ileostomy ; Intestinal smooth muscle flapped graft ; Histological ; manometrical ; electrial investigations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die erwartete Kontinenz bei Ileostomien nach freier Dünndarmmuskeltransplantation nach Schmidt stellt sich häufig wegen hämorrhagischer Nekrosen des Transplantates nicht ein. Zur Sicherung einer intakten Vascularisierung des Transplantates wurde daher bei 15 Hunden ein gestieltes Dünndarmmuskeltransplantat als Sphincterersatz verwendet. Im Gegensatz zu freien Transplantaten zeigen histologische Untersuchungen bei gestielten Dünndarmmuskelmanschetten generell eine ungestörte Einheilung auf. Darüber hinaus untermauern Aufzeichnungen der elektrischen Aktivität die Vitalität des Transplantates. Bei kontinenten Tieren weisen Druckmessungen eine Hochdruckzone im Sphincterkanal auf. Das positive Druckprofil wird aufrechterhalten und erlaubt einen adäquaten Schluß der Ileostomie. Trotz morphologischer, manometrischer und elektrischer Vitalitätskriterien dieses künstlichen Sphincters bleibt die erzielte Kontinenzleistung dieses Verfahrens wegen der eingeschränkten Kontraktionsfähigkeit der glattmusculären Dünndarmmuskelmanschette und der fehlenden Ileumcompliance begrenzt.
    Notes: Summary To achieve continence in ileostomies by free transplantation of small intestinal smooth muscle according to Schmidt failed frequently because of hemorrhagic necrosis of this graft. To safeguard intact vascularisation of the transplant flapped intestinal smooth muscle was used therefore in 15 dogs with ileostomy for sphincter replacements. Contrary to free grafts, histological studies of flapped small intestinal muscle cuffs show generally undisturbed healing. Furthermore, monitoring of electrical activities corroborate the viability of the graft. In continent animals, pressure studies show the presence of a high pressure zone in the sphincter canal. The positive pressure profile was maintained and contributes to appropriate closing of the ileostomy. Despite histological, manometrical and electrical criterions of viability of the artificial sphincter, nevertheless the continence achieved by this procedure remains limited because of the restricted ability to contract the small intestinal muscle and the lacking ileal compliance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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