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  • Embryo  (5)
  • Chorioallantoic vessels  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Respiration Physiology 39 (1980), S. 265-272 
    ISSN: 0034-5687
    Keywords: Air cell ; Avian egg ; Blood gas analysis ; Chorioallantoic vessels ; Embryo
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Respiration Physiology 57 (1984), S. 123-134 
    ISSN: 0034-5687
    Keywords: Buffer value ; CO"2 dissociation curve ; Chicken ; Embryo ; Haldane factor ; Hematocrit
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Respiration Physiology 13 (1971), S. 160-170 
    ISSN: 0034-5687
    Keywords: Acid-base status ; Arterialized blood ; Chicken embryonic respiration ; Chorioallantoic vessels ; Embryonic weight ; Mixed venous blood
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 169 (1999), S. 256-262 
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Key wordsCorvus corone ; Corvus macrorhynchos ; Embryo ; Chick ; Heart rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The developmental patterns of mean heart rate (MHR) and instantaneous heart rate (IHR) were investigated in embryos and chicks of altricial Corvuscorone and Corvus macrorhynchos. The MHR of embryos increased linearly with time from 250 beats · min−1 at mid-incubation to 290 beats · min−1 in hatchlings. MHR during the pipping period was maximal, but only marginally higher than in hatchlings. MHR was stable at about 290–300 beats · min−1 during the 1st week after hatching. Spontaneous heart rate (HR) decelerations and accelerations were found in embryos and chicks, disturbing the baseline HR with increasing frequency during development. However, the IHR accelerations developed later and were less frequent than in precocial species. IHR and body temperature decreased during mild cold exposure (23–25 °C) and IHR accelerations were reduced in nestlings during the 1st week. We suggest that the development of parasympathetic control of HR in crows occurs at 60% of incubation, similar to precocial embryos, but sympathetic control may be delayed and suppressed in contrast to precocial embryos.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 29 (1991), S. 393-397 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Audiocartridge ; Avian egg ; Ballistocardiogram ; Embryo ; Laser displacement meter ; Laser speckle ; Noninvasive measurement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the incubated avian egg, minute movements occur that are synchronised with embryonic cardiac contractions. We previously developed two systems to noninvasively record this cardiogenic ballistic movement of the egg (referred to as the ballistocardiogram, BCG); one was based on applying an audiocartridge and the other a laser speckle phenomenon. A third system, which detects the ballistic movement as the measurement of displacement (referred to as displacement BCG), is applied in the present study, together with the previous two systems, to the ballisto-cardiography of the egg. The BCG is measured with three systems simultaneously for comparison. The differentiation of the displacement BCG produces a pattern identical to the BCG recorded by the cartridge method, and the integrated pattern of the latter BCG is identical to the displacement BCG. This indicates that the cartridge system detects the cardiogenic movement as the measure of velocity and it may be referred to as velocity BCG. The BCG by the laser speckle method is not related to that recorded by the other two systems, which may be referred to as movement BCG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Apex-cardiogram ; Ballistocardiogram ; Egg ; Embryo ; Heart rate ; Noninvasive measurement ; Piezoelectric film
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using a flexible piezoelectric film, the authors developed a simple system to determine noninvasively the heart rate of chicken embryos and hatchlings. The film was piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which is sensitive enough to detect cardiogenic ballistic movements of the egg (ballistocardiogram (BCG)) and precordial movements of the hatchling attributable to cardiac contractions (apexcardiogram (ACG)). The BCG could be detected, during the second half of incubation, by placing the egg on the PVDF film on a soft substrate. The detected signal was found to be a measure of movement velocity. The ACG could be measured when the hatchling's chest wall made contact with the PVDF film installed in a box in which the hatchling was confined. The heart rate was counted from the lag time of autocorrelation calculated for a certain time segment (e.g. 2s) of the BCG and ACG recordings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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