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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 220 (1978), S. 73-87 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Acoustic trauma ; Pure tone ; Cochlea ; Morphology ; Blocksurface technique ; Guinea pig ; Lärmschaden ; Reinton ; Innenohr ; Morphologie ; Blocksurface technique ; Meerschweinchen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im Rahmen der Erforschung eines Lärmschadenmodells im Tierexperiment wurden Meerschweinchen mit Reinton bei 2700 Hz und 130 dB unter geschlossener Schallzuführung für l und 2 Std beschallt. Nach unterschiedlicher Erholungszeit erfolgte die Untersuchung der Innenohren mittels der von Spoendlin u. Brun (1974) angegebenen Technik, die eine vollständige Erfassung des Cochleaschadens ermöglicht. Beschallungsbedingte Haarzelluntergänge wurden vorwiegend in der 2. und der unteren Hälfte der 3. Schneckenwindung beobachtet. Nach 2stündiger Beschallung traten im Schädigungsbereich bereits am 5. Erholungstag starke Verluste der inneren (IHZ) und der 1. Reihe der äußeren Haarzellen (OHZ) auf. Die 2. und 3. Reihe der OHZ war nur gering geschädigt. Nach 1 stündiger Beschallung waren am 5. Erholungstag Haarzellausfälle nur bei den OHZ, die überwiegend in der 1. Reihe lokalisiert waren, nachweisbar. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt zeigten die IHZ in einem hohen Prozentsatz Degenerationszeichen, wie Zelldistorsionen, Zilienschäden, Kernpyknosen, dichtes und vakuolisiertes Zytoplasma. Am 10. Erholungstag war auch nach 1 stündiger Beschallungsdauer ein größerer Anteil der IHZ degeneriert, während bei den OHZ vom 5. bis zum 10. Tag nach der Beschallung kein nennenswerter Zuwachs im Haarzellverlust auftrat. Pfeilerzelluntergänge wurden an eng umschriebenen Stellen sowohl im Schädigungsbereich als auch in seinem basalen und apikalen Grenzbereich am übergang zu strukturell unveränderten Abschnitten des Cortiorgans beobachtet. Variationen in der Beschallungs- und Erholungszeit lassen ein zeitlich unterschiedliches Degenerationsverhalten der inneren und äußeren Haarzellen und eine Differenzierung von mechanischen und metabolischen Faktoren der Zellschädigung erkennen. Die Befunde werden im Hinblick auf mögliche Schädigungsmechanismen des Cortiorgans nach Reinton-Dauerbeschallung diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary To get further experimental data for the elaboration of a sound-impairment-model, guinea pigs were sounded with pure tone of a frequency of 2700 Hz and 130 dB in a closed system for 1 and 2 h. The cochleae were investigated using the technique of Spoendlin and Brun (1974) after different periods of recovery. This technique made a complete estimation of the damage of the hair cells possible. Loss of hair cells due to the sound could be observed mostly in the second and in the lower half of the third cochlear turn. After 2 h sounding the number of the inner (IHZ) and of the first row of the outer hair cells (OHZ) in the part of maximal damage was strongly diminished already on the 5th day of recovery, however, in the 2nd and 3rd row the loss of hair cells was less pronounced. After l h sounding only the outer hair cells — especially the 1st row — were found to be lost on the 5th day of recovery, but in most of the inner hair cells the beginning of degeneration was indicated by distorsions of the cells, damaged cilia, pyknotic nuclei, and dense cytoplasm with vacuoles. On the 10th day of recovery a great number of the inner hair cells were damaged, however, a reduction in the number of the outer hair cells did not show a further increase. The pillar cells also were impaired at distinct loci situated in the part of maximal damage as well as at the basal and apical border to unchanged parts of the Corti organ. Variations in the sounding times and the recovery periods revealed differences in the degeneration behaviour of the inner and the outer hair cells, and a differentiation in the sensitivity of the outer and inner hair cells to sound-impairment caused by mechanical and metabolic changes. The data are discussed with respect to impairment mechanisms of the Corti organ after pure tone sounding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 214 (1976), S. 49-61 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Otitis media ; Cochlea ; Protein ; Perilymph ; Serum ; Cerebrospinal fluid ; Histology ; Guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The paper deals with: 1. the protein concentration in the perilymph (PL), the serum and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 2. the protein pattern in the PL and 3. histological findings in the middle and inner ear in unilaterally ear-infected guinea pigs. The studies were performed 6 h to 21 days post infectionem (Fig. 1). The pathological changes in the middle ear, which, in most cases, were limited to the infected ear, were initially evaluated under the operating microscope and divided into 4 stages. The analytical and histological results were presented as functions of these stages. As the inflammation intensity increased, the protein concentration in the PL of the infected ears increased to a level exceeding that of the normal value more than ten times (Fig. 2). However, in the serum and in the CSF this concentration remained unchanged. Likewise, no significant protein increase in the PL of the contralateral ears was detectable in most cases. As the inflammation intensity increased, the number of the precipitation lines detectable immunoelectrophoretically increased in the PL of the infected ears (Fig. 3). An increase in the α 1- and γ-globulins and a decrease in Albumin was found by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate strips (Tab. 3). The histological findings correlated with initially established inflammatory stages of the middle ear mucous membrane (Tab. 4). As the inflammation intensity increased, the round window, too, was changed pathologically, so that in some cases of purulent otitis media middle ear secretion could enter the cochlea. The protein increase in the PL immediately after the infection is probably due to an increase in the blood vessel permeability in the inner ear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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