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  • Contrast enhancement  (1)
  • Key words Interventional MRI • Biopsy needle • Rapid imaging • Artifacts  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 38 (1998), S. 185-193 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Key words Interventional MRI • Biopsy needle • Rapid imaging • Artifacts ; Schlüsselwörter Interventionelle MRT • Biopsienadeln • Schnelle Bildgebung • Artefakte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nachdem die interventionelle MRT zunächst nur bei neurochirurgischen Eingriffen Anwendung fand, umfaßt das Indikationsspektrum mittlerweile Biopsien, minimalinvasive neurochirurgische Therapieverfahren sowie Thermoablationen von Tumoren. Hierbei werden besondere Anforderungen an das Sequenzdesign gestellt: 1. verkürzte Meßzeit, 2. Visualisierung von Instrumenten, 3. klare Abgrenzbarkeit von Läsionen und 4. Thermosensitivität. Der erste Abschnitt der Arbeit beinhaltet die passive Visualisierung MR-kompatibler Nadeln und den Einfluß von Feldstärke, Sequenzdesign sowie der Ausrichtung der Nadel im Bezug auf das statische Magnetfeld des Tomographen. Sowohl für Niederfeld- als auch für Hochfeldtomographen werden diesbezüglich praktische Empfehlungen gegeben und erläutert. Der zweite Teil der Arbeit behandelt die verschiedenen in der Interventionellen MRT verwendeten Methoden der schnellen Bildgebung, die auf die „konventionelle“ Phasenkodierung verzichten („wavelets“, „locally focused imaging“, „singular value decomposition“ und „keyhole imaging“). Im letzten Abschnitt werden die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten thermosensitiver Sequenzen [Spin-Gitter-Relaxationszeit (T1), Wasserdiffusionskoeffizient (D) und chemische Verschiebung der Wasserprotonen (δ ) ] dargestellt.
    Notes: Summary While initially advocated primarily for intrasurgical visualization (e. g., craniotomy), interventional MRI rapidly evolved into roles in image-guided localization for needle-based procedures, minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures, and thermal ablation of cancer. In this contest, MRI pulse sequences and scanning methods serve one of four primary roles: (1) speed improvement, (2) device localization, (3) anatomy/lesion differentiation and (4) temperature sensitivity. The first part of this manuscript deals with passive visualization of MR-compatible needles and the effects of field strength, sequence design, and orientation of the needle relative to the static magnetic field of the scanner. Issues and recommendations are given for low-field as well as high-field scanners. The second part contains methods reported to achieve improved acquisition efficiency over conventional phase encoding (wavelets, locally focused imaging, singular value decomposition and keyhole imaging). Finally, the last part of the manuscript reports the current status of thermosensitive sequences and their dependence on spin-lattice relaxation time (T1), water diffusion coefficient (D) and proton chemical shift (δ ).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Breast ; Parenchymal pattern ; MR imaging ; Contrast enhancement ; MR mammography ; Menstruation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Magnetic resonance mammography (MRM) provides data regarding the nature of tumours based on contrast medium dynamics; fibrocystic changes in the breast, however, may lead to false-positive results. This study investigated whether the contrast medium dynamics of fibrocystic changes are dependent on the menstrual cycle. Twenty-four patients with palpable lumps but normal mammographies and ultrasound studies were examined. The MRM technique was performed during the first and second part of the menstrual cycle using a FLASH 3D sequence, both native and at 1, 2, 3 and 8 min after intravenous application of 0.15 mmol/kg body weight of gadodiamide. The calculated time–intensity curves were evaluated based on the following criteria: early percentage of contrast medium uptake in relation to the native value; formation of a plateau phenomenon after the second minute; the point of maximal contrast medium uptake; and calculation of the contrast enhancing index. During the second half of the menstrual cycle, a generally greater contrast medium uptake was observed. Nevertheless, when further diagnostic criteria, such as continuous contrast medium increase as a function of time, were considered, there was no increased rate of false-positive findings. The phase of the menstrual cycle may affect the specificity of the examination, if only the quantitative contrast medium uptake and the percentage of contrast medium uptake in the first 2 min are considered. A control MRM during the other half of the cycle may then be indicated and additional diagnostic criteria may improve specificity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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