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The prognostic effect of histological tumor grade in node-negative breast cancer patients (1993)

Schumacher, Martin ; Schmoor, Claudia ; Sauerbrei, Willi ; [et al.]

Springer

Breast cancer research and treatment 25 (1993), S. 235-245

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ISSN: 1573-7217

Keywords: breast cancer ; Cox regression ; histologic tumor grading ; node negative ; prognosis

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Summary The prognostic effect of histological tumor grade was evaluated in 1036 patients with early breast cancer (pT1 pN0 M0) entered into a trial comparing mastectomy and breast preserving treatment. All analyses were adjusted for the factors treatment, patients' age, and tumor size. Tumor grade was defined according to Bloom and Richardson based on the sum of scores assigned to each of three histological features: 1) degree of differentiation, 2) pleomorphism, and 3) mitotic index. The relative importance of these factors with regard to disease-free survival was evaluated. In univariate as well as in multivariate analyses the pleomorphism was the only factor showing a significant effect (univariate: p=0.0024, multivariate: p=0.015). It was investigated how the factors should be combined to define a histological grading score which yields the best possible classification of the patients with respect to prognosis. A new grading system was defined splitting the patients into three groups: 1) pleomorphism 1; 2) pleomorphism 2 or pleomorphism 3 and mitotic index 1; 3) pleomorphism 3 and mitotic index 2 or 3. This yields a good classification of the patients with respect to prognosis (p=0.0004). The prognostic effect of this score was compared with the effects of the grading systems proposed in the literature. According to Bloom and Richardson and in the modified version by Schauer and Weiss, grading is based on the sum of scores of the various histological factors. Therefore, the strong effect of the pleomorphism was diluted in these grading definitions (Bloom and Richardson: p=0.03, Schauer and Weiss: p=0.028). The grading system proposed by Le Doussalet al. consists only of the scores of pleomorphism and mitotic index (p=0.014). In summary, the factor pleomorphism showed a stronger effect on disease-free survival by itself than the grading systems proposed in the literature.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689838

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Beiträge zur 15N-NMR-Spektroskopie Protonierung und Tautomerie in Purinen: Purin und 7- und 9-Methylpurin (1983)

Schumacher, Martin ; Günther, Harald

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 116 (1983), S. 2001-2014

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ISSN: 0009-2940

Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to 15N NMR Spectroscopy, Protonation and Tautomerism in Purines: Purine, 7-and 9-MethylpurineThe 15N NMR spectra of purine (1), 7- and 9-methylpurine (2, 3) have been measured and assigned in various media (NaOH, H2O, 20% H2SO4, 90% H2SO4, DMSO, CF3CO2H, FSO3H). Protonation sites and tautomer ratios are derived from the σ(15N) data. The effect of N-protonation of the geminal 15N,1H spin-spin coupling constants is discussed.

Notes: Die 15N-NMR-Spektren von Purin (1), 7- und 9-Methylpurin (2, 3) wurden in verschiedenen Medien (NaOH, H2O, 20% H2SO4, 90% H2SO4, DMSO, CF3CO2H, FSO3H) gemessen und zugeordnet. Aus den σ(15N)-Daten werden Protonierungsorte und Tautomerie-Verhältnisse abgeleitet. Der Einfluß der N-Protonierung auf die geminalen 15N, 1H-Spin-Spin-Kopplungskonstanten wird diskutiert.

Additional Material: 3 Ill.