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  • Industrial Chemistry  (4)
  • Dactylosphaera vitifolii  (2)
  • Epidemiology  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 14 (1986), S. 149 
    ISSN: 0305-1978
    Keywords: Angiospermae ; Dactylosphaera vitifolii ; Hemiptera ; Phylloxiridae ; Vitaceae ; Vitis ; chemosystematics ; flavans ; flavonoids ; phenolic compounds ; roots ; tannins
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 10 (1982), S. 349 
    ISSN: 0305-1978
    Keywords: Angiospermae ; Dactylosphaera vitifolii ; Hemiptera ; Phylloxeridae ; Vitaceae ; Vitis ; electrofocusing ; enzyme electrophoresis ; proteins ; roots ; species relationships
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Invasive mycosis ; ICU patients ; Epidemiology ; Prospective multicenter study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To determine the epidemiological and clinical significance of invasive fungal infections in non-neutropenic patients in intensive care who stay longer than 10 days on the intensive care unit (ICU). Design: Prospective epidemiological multicenter study over a period of 11 months, based on strict clinical, bacteriological, serological and histological criteria. Setting: Six surgical and two medical ICUs units in five university and two municipal hospitals. Patients: 435 non-neutropenic patients from medical and surgical ICUs with an ICU stay of more than 10 days. Measurements and main results: A new occurrence of invasive mycosis (3 sepsis/ 4 peritonitis/ 1 disseminated candidiasis), corresponding to the protocol conditions with onset after day 10 in the ICU, was detectable in 2.0 % (95 % confidence interval 0.85 to 3.8 %) of the 409 patients who could be assessed. Candida species were identified as an infection-relevant pathogen in all cases. The most important risk factor for the development of an invasive mycosis was the onset of peritonitis by the day 11 in the ICU (odds ratio 11.3; p = 0.003). A fungal colonization was detected in 64 % of patients (Candida species 56 %, Aspergillus 4 %, and other fungi). Six of 8 patients with an invasive mycosis died on the ICU; ICU mortality in patients with fungal colonization was 31 % and in noncolonized patients 26 %. Serological tests were not helpful clinically. The sensitivity was 88 % for the Candida HAT (haemagglutination test) (threshold titer 〉 1:160), 100 % for the Candida IFT (immunofluorescence test) (threshold titer 〉 1:80), and 50 % for the Candida Antigen Test (Candtec Ramco, threshold titer ≥ 1:8), and the specificity was 26, 6, and 73 %, respectively. The specificity for the Aspergillus HAT (threshold titer 〉 1:10) was 29 %. Conclusions: Invasive mycoses are rare in non-neutropenic ICU patients, even after a longer stay in the intensive care unit; fungal colonization, on the other hand, is frequently detectable. The mortality of invasive mycosis – even with systemic antimycotic therapy- was high; the mortality in patients with fungal colonization was not significantly increased compared to that in noncolonized patients. The serological test procedures, Candida HAT, Candida IFT, and the Candida Ramco Antigen Test, had a low specificity and were not helpful in diagnosing relevant invasive mycosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 55 (1977), S. 1197-1207 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Environment (ambient) ; Ecology ; Theory of medicine ; Etiology ; Epidemiology ; Noxious influences ; Causes of disease ; Life expectancy ; Behaviour ; Causes of death ; Psychosocial stress ; Risk factors ; Education ; Prevention ; Lebensraum ; Ökologie ; Theorie der Medizin ; Ätiologien ; Epidemiologie ; Noxen ; Umwelt ; Krankheitsursachen ; Lebenserwartung ; Gesundheitsgerechtes Verhalten ; Todesursachen ; Psychosozialer Streß ; Risikofaktoren ; Erziehung ; Prävention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Ein „natürlicher“ Lebensraum für den Menschen wäre diejenige Umwelt, mit der sich seine Gene in der Phylogenie auseinandergesetzt haben. Doch bieten auch diese „natürlichen“ Umwelten Gefahren (Jodgehalt, Wasserhärte z.B.). 2. Die Methoden zur Erforschung ökologischer Einflüsse sind extrem kompliziert, unsicher und indirekt. Die Epidemiologie spielt hier die entscheidende Rolle. Ihre Resultate sind aber nur im Lichte physiologischer oder psychologischer Modelle interpretierbar. 3. Die Fragwürdigkeiten der ökologischen Methodik lassen sich eindrucksvoll am Problem des Raucherkrebses und des Karzinoms als Folge künstlicher Düngung demonstrieren. 4. Krankheit erscheint im Lichte der epidemiologischen Forschung als Paradigma gestörter Existenzbedingungen. Die Ätiologie der Krankheiten muß mit neuen theoretischen Modellen analysiert werden. 5. Die Noxen aus der technischen Umwelt sind vorwiegend solche, welche unsere Hilfsquellen, weniger direkt unsere Gesundheit, bedrohen. Es gibt nur wenige Schadstoffe, die heute bereits mit Sicherheit menschliche Krankheit in meßbarem Ausmaß hervorrufen. Drei Kataloge von Noxen aus Technik, Verkehr und Landwirtschaft werden aufgestellt (Tabellen 1–3). 6. Diejenigen Krankheiten, welche derzeit als Todesursache besonders rasch zunehmen, sind Herzinfarkt, Leberzirrhose, Lungen- und Bronchialkarzinom und Bronchitis. Hierzu treten Verkehrsunfälle als besonders rasch zunehmende Todesursache. Diese 5 Todesursachen sind fast allein der Grund für das Absinken der Lebenserwartung der Männer. 7. Diese dominierenden Todesursachen (außer Krebs) sind durchwegs die Folge eines falschen Verhaltens und des psychosozialen Streß. 8. Die klassischen Risikofaktoren der Krankheiten müssen auf ihre eigene Entstehung hin untersucht werden. Das setzt eine „Hierarchie der Risikofaktoren“ voraus, deren erste Ursachen (Ätiologien) entweder genetische, oder externe Ursachen sein müssen. 9. Unter den externen Ursachen der Krankheit spielen die gesellschaftlich bedingten die größte Rolle. 10. Es läßt sich aus dieser ökologischen Theorie der Ätiologien eine umfassende Theorie der Krankheit ableiten. Die Bedeutung der emotionalen Reaktionen auf gesellschaftliche Faktoren ist evident. 11. Eine der wichtigsten ökologischen Noxen ist eine fehlerhafte Erziehung. 12. Prävention von Krankheit muß in erster Linie Verhaltensänderung sein.
    Notes: Summary 1. A “natural” ambient for man would be an environment in which the human genes came to an equilibrium in his phylogenesis. Even natural environments contain risk factors (like iodine content or water hardness). 2. The methods of investigating ecological influences are very intricate, and the results are uncertain and indirect. The epidemiology plays a decisive role herein. Results however can be interpreted only with the aid of physiological or psychological models. 3. The inadequacies of these ecological methods may be demonstrated using the example of cancer as the result of smoking or of using artificial fertilizers. 4. In the light of epidemiological research, disease appears as a paradigm of disturbed conditions of existence. The etiology of diseases ought to be analyzed with the aid of new theoretical models. 5. Noxious influences from the technical ambient are predominantly menacing human resources, and not so much human health. There are only few noxious substances which elicit illness nowadays to a measurable degree. Three catalogues of such substances occurring in technics, traffic or agriculture are given in Tables 1–3. 6. Diseases appearing as causes of death at rapidly increasing frequency are heart infarction, liver cirrhosis, carcinoma of lungs and bronchi. Traffic accident rates increase as cause of death. These causes of death are the main reason for the decreasing life expectancy in man. 7. The dominating causes of death (cancer excepted) are among others the consequence of behaviour and psycho-social stress. 8. The classical risk factors of disease afford an explanation of their own genesis. This demands a “hierarchy of risk factors”, in which the very first causes (etiologies) of disease are either of genetical or of external (extrinsic) character. 9. Socially determined causes play the main role among the external causes of disease. 10. A comprehensive theory of illness can be established with this ecological theory of etiologies. The importance of emotional reactions on social factors is obvious. 11. One of the most important noxious social factors is an inadequate education. 12. The prevention of disease has to be predominantly a change in behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Organische Anionen, wie Natrium-malonester, -acetylacetonat, -cyanessigester oder -2-nitropropan, lassen sich durch anodische Oxidation - über Radikale als Zwischenstufe - in teils recht guter Ausbeute an nicht aktivierte Doppelbindungen (z. B. Styrol, Vinyläthyläther, Cyclohexen, Butadien) addieren. Die Reaktionsprodukte werden zwanglos erklärt, wenn man für die radikalischen Primäraddukte folgende Stabilisierungsmöglichkeiten annimmt: (a) Wasserstoff-Abspaltung von einem Substrat, (b) Dimerisierung und (c) anodische Oxidation zu Carbonium-Ionen, die entweder vom Lösungsmittel solvolysiert werden oder intramolekular cyclisieren.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 38 (1966), S. 1098-1099 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 38 (1966), S. 994-995 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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