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  • Immunostimulation  (2)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (2)
  • Deiters neurones  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 360 (1975), S. 301-320 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Cerebellar afferents ; Deiters neurones ; Postsynaptic potentials ; Purkinje cell inhibition ; Somatic afferents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The synaptic input to Deiters neurones evoked by stimulation of peripheral somatic nerves was measured by intracellular recordings. EPSPs with broad receptive fields and latencies which indicate polysynaptic connexions were commonly evoked from the FRA. In other cells, low threshold cutaneous afferents were effective at rather short latencies suggesting oligosynaptic connexions from fast ascending fibres. One example was found of EPSPs due to low threshold muscle afferents. IPSPs due to climbing fibre activation of Purkinje cells as observed in most of the neurones were evoked by cutaneous volleys above 1.5–2.0 T and muscle volleys above 5T (above 3–3.5T in case of Q). Often, IPSPs were evoked by stimulation of nerves, to the segmental level of which the vestibulospinal neurone under investigation projected. A small proportion of cells received short latency IPSPs involving direct fast mossy fibre tracts, which were evoked from low threshold cutaneous afferents. IPSPs due to polysynaptic mossy fibre activation of Purkinje cells were evoked from the FRA bilaterally and from ipsilateral cutaneous afferents at 1.5–2.0T (“prolonged inhibition”). Prolonged excitatory/inhibitory events mediated by mossy fibre pathways may be involved in quadruped locomotion or tother processes making use of a broad motor integration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 372 (1987), S. 942-943 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Peptic ulcer ; Immunostimulation ; Ulcer protection ; Peptisches Ulcus ; Immunstimulation ; Ulcoprotektion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine antigenspezifische Stimulation von Magenfunktionen ist in vivo und in vitro nachgewiesen. Die Bedeutung immunologischer Mechanismen für die Ulcogenese - Förderung oder Protektion - wurde im Modell alkoholinduzierter Schleimhautläsionen an Wistar-Ratten untersucht. Gegen NIP (Nitrophenylessigsäurederivat) immunisierten Tieren wurde das Antigen intragastral verabreicht, 15 min später 1 ml absoluter Alkohol. Die nach 1 h entstandenen Schleimhautläsionen wurden durch Summierung der Durchmesser der Einzelläsionen (Ulcusindex) bzw. pauschal (Ulcusscore) durch unabhängige Untersucher beurteilt. Gegenüber entsprechenden Kontrolltieren zeigten die antigenspezifisch stimulierten Tiere der Testgruppe signifikant (P〈0,02) weniger Läsionen. Damit konnte erstmals eine immunologisch vermittelte Ulcoprotektion gezeigt werden, die neue Ansätze in Pathophysiologie und Therapie der Ulcuserkrankung eröffnet.
    Notes: Summary Antigen-specific stimulation of gastric functions was demonstrated in vivo and in vitro. The role of this immunological mechanism in the development of peptic ulcers - enhancement or protection — was investigated using the model of alcohol-induced mucosal lesions. In immunized Wistar rats the antigen NIP (nitrophenylacetic acid) was injected into the stomach; 15 min later 1 ml pure alcohol was added. Mucosal lesions were assessed after 1 h, calculating the ulcer index or score. Immunized animals stimulated with the antigen showed significantly fewer (P〈0.02) lesions. Thus, for the first time protection from peptic ulcers was demonstrated by an immunological mechanism, pointing out a new aspect of pathophysiology or therapy in peptic ulcer disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 369 (1986), S. 870-870 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Gastrin ; Immunostimulation ; Gastrin ; Immunstimulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Immunisierte Hunde zeigen eine antigenspezifische gastrale Verdauungsstimulation. Dieses Phänomen ließ sich nun erstmals in vitro (Zellsuspension) nachweisen. In der von evertierten Antren immunisierter Wistar-Ratten enzymatisch gewonnenen Mucosazellsuspension zeigte sich nach Inkubation mit Antigen (100 μg/ml) wie Interleukin 1 (70 E/ml) eine signifikante Gastrinfreisetzung (p 〉 0,05). Diese Tatsache spricht für das Vorliegen eines lokalen Immunmechanismus, der Antigene erkennt und funktionell mit dem endokrinen System gekoppelt ist.
    Notes: Summary Antigen-specific stimulation of gastric functions has been found in immunized dogs. This phenomenon has now been demonstrated in vitro (cell suspension) for the first time. Antral mucosa of everted gastric sacs from Wistar rats was removed enzymatically. Incubation with antigen (100 μg/ml), and also with Interleukin-I (70 U/ml) led to a significant release of gastrin (p 〈 0.05). These data appear to indicate a local immunological mechanism that can recognize antigens and is linked functionally with the endocrine system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 347 (1966), S. 145-155 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The equilibrium of the reaction SiCl4(g) + Si(s) ⇄ 2 SiCl2(g) was studied in the temperature range of 950-1300°C with the flowing method in argon atmosphere. For the dependence of the equilibrium constant on temperature the equation lg Kp (Torr) = 13.27 - 16770/T was found. The values resulting for the reaction enthalpy and entropy, the enthalpy of formation and the entropy of SiCl2(g) under standard conditions are given.
    Notes: Das Reaktionsgleichgewicht SiCl4(g) + Si(f) = 2 SiCl2(g) wurde im Temperaturbereich von 950-1300°C nach der Strömungsmethode mit Argon als Trägergas untersucht. Für die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Gleichgewichtskonstante Kp wird die Gleichung \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \log\, {\rm K}_{\rm p} ({\rm Torr)} = 13,27 - 16770/{\rm T} $$\end{document} angegeben. Für die Reaktionsenthalpie und -entropie, die Bildungsenthalpie und die Normalentropie von SiCl2(g) unter Standardbedingungen werden die ermittelten Werte angegeben.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 460 (1980), S. 65-80 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermodynamics of the System Si—Cl—HBy static and dynamic methods the equilibria 4SiHCl3,g = 3SiHCl4,g + Si,s + 2H2,g (1) between 800 and 1140 K and SiCl4,g + H2,g = SiHCl3,g + HCl,g (2) between 1170 and 1450 K were investigated. The expression for the temperature dependence of the equilibria were found to be lg Kp [Torr] = (5.688-1520/T) ± 0.32 (1) and lg Kp = (1.38/3250/T) ± 0.16 (2). The values measured for reaction pressures and equilibrium constants lead to the conclusion, that the difference of enthalpies of formation of SiCl4 and SiHCl3 found in literature is nessecarily to be corrected by 5-6 kcal/mole. With ΔH2980(SiCl4,g) = -157.1 kcal/mole the equilibrium measurements lead to the enthalpy of formation for SiHCl3,g of ΔH2980(SiHCl3,g) = -118.2 kcal/mole.
    Notes: Es wird über die experimentelle Untersuchung des Reaktionsgleichgewichtes 4SiHCl3,g = 3SiCl4,g + Si,f + 2H2,g(1) zwischen 800 und 1140 und SiCl4,g + H2,g = SiHCl3,g + HCl,g (2) zwischen 1170 und 1540 K nach der statischen und dynamischen Methode berichtet. Die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Gleichgewichtskonstanten wird durch die Gleichungen lg Kp [Torr] = (5,688-1520/T) ± 0.32(1) und lg Kp = (1,38-3250/T) ± 0,16(2) wiedergegeben Aus den ermittelten Reaktionsdrücken und Gleichgewichtskonstanten folgt, daß die aus den calorimetrischen Literaturwerten abgeleitete Differenz der Standardbildungsenthalpien von SiCl4 und SiHCl3 um 5-6 kcal/mol korrekturbedürftig ist. Die Gleichgewichtsmessungen ergeben mit ΔH2980(SiCl4,g) = -157,1 kcal/mol für SiHCl3ΔH2980(SiCl3,g) =-118.2 ± 0.5 kcal/mol.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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