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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myelin phagocytosis in Wallerian degeneration (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 75 (1987), S. 77-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Wallerian degeneration ; Myelin phagocytosis ; Macrophages ; Millipore diffusion chambers ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Myelin phagocytosis in Wallerian degeneration was studied using a model of murine sciatic nerve degeneration in millipore diffusion chambers in the peritoneal cavity of host mice. Immunocytological investigations showed the dependence of myelin digestion on the invasion of Fc-positive, Mac-1-positive and partly Ia-positive monocytes. Lymphocytes did not play a prominent role. Compared to Wallerian degeneration in situ, phagocytosis was decreased in nerves enclosed by millipore membranes on both sides of the chamber. The membrane acted as a trap for invading monocytes/macrophages. Neither tissue integrity nor genetic strain influenced the degree of phagocytosis. A modification of the experimental technique is introduced which permits myelin phagocytosis in the peritoneal cavity in a degree comparable to that in Wallerian degeneration in situ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686796
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-macrophage CR3 antibody blocks myelin phagocytosis by macrophages in vitro (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 80 (1990), S. 415-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Myelin phagocytosis ; Macrophages ; Complement receptor type 3 ; Organ culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Myelin phagocytosis in Wallerian degeneration of peripheral nerves depends on invasion of nerves by non-resident macrophages. The present study was done to clarify the role of the macrophage complement receptor type 3 (CR3) in myelin removal. Myelin phagocytic capacity of invading macrophages was abolished by treatment of cultured nerves and macrophages with anti-CR3 antibody or by serum complement depletion with cobra venom factor. This indicates that myelin phagocytosis is mediated by the macrophage CR3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307696
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dorsal root ganglia cocultured with macrophages: an in vitro model to study experimental demyelination (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 459-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Dorsal root ganglia ; Macrophages ; In vitro model ; Oxygen radicals ; Experimental demyelination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present investigation introduces an in vitro model to study macrophage properties during demyelination. Rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were cultured for obtaining myelinated peripheral nerve fibers. These cultures were exposed to non-resident macrophages. In untreated control cultures, there was no indication of myelin removal by the added macrophages. DRG were exposed to enzymatically generated oxygen radicals using the xanthin/xanthin oxidase or the glucose/glucose oxidase system. Assessment of Schwann cell viability and ultrastructural morphology revealed different patterns of cell cytotoxicity and morphological changes in different experiments. High concentrations caused complete tissue necrosis of the DRG, while low concentrations did not affect either cell viability or ultrastructural morphology. Under intermediate experimental conditions, oxygen radicals caused non-lethal Schwann cell damage leading to Schwann cell retraction and myelin sheath rejection. Myelin lamellae were disrupted and decompacted. These changes were followed by a selective macrophage attack on myelin sheaths, resulting in demyelination. Axons, Schwann cells and sensory ganglion cells survived this attack. The specificity of the oxygen radical effects was tested in experiments using the oxygen radical scavengers catalase and superoxide dismutase. Catalase prevented the described effects on cell morphology and subsequently blocked demyelination by non-resident macrophages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389499
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The angiogenesis of micrencephalic rat brains caused by methylazoxymethanol acetate (1985)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 66 (1985), S. 253-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Angiogenesis ; Micrencephaly ; MAMAc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The angiogenesis of the rat cerebrum was studied under pathologic conditions caused by the administration of the neurotoxin methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAMAc) in the time (E14) of neuroblast migration. The sinovenous junction of the main superficial cerebral veins and the morphological changes of the veins were examined by a quantitative analytic method. The hypoplastic areas of the brains showed extremely malformed venous systems with pathologic changes of the sinovenous junctions depending on the degree of disturbance of the neuroblast migration. These findings suggest the primary role of the neuronal maturation in the angioarchitectonic development and the direct dependency of the vascular differentiation on the neuroblast migration of the drained territory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688591
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The angiogenesis of micrencephalic rat brains caused by methylazoxymethanol acetate (1985)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 68 (1985), S. 59-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Angiogenesis ; Micrencephaly ; MAMAc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The angioarchitecture of the superficial and basal arterial system of the hypoplastic rat brain caused by the administration of the neurotoxin, methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAMAc), at the time of neuroblast migration was studied. Increased variation of the arterial branching of the basal main stem of arteries and local vessel changes were observed. The findings suggest a close relationship between vascular and neuronal development, showing a generalized disturbance and local adaptation of vasculature to the altered neuronal architecture of the corresponding hypoplastic areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688957
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface lesions of corpus callosum (1968)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 10 (1968), S. 151-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Corpus callosum ; Brain injury ; Traumatic lesion ; Marchiafava-Bignami-disease ; Demyelination ; Pressure of arteries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Oberflächliche Balkenläsionen werden beschrieben, die bisher offensichtlich nicht im Schrifttum aufscheinen. Sie wurden in 17 von 168 laufend untersuchten Gehirnen angetroffen. Beziehungen zu klinischen Symptomen oder den Körperobduktionsbefunden lagen nicht vor. Die Morphologie und Beziehungen dieser Läsionen zu den Nachbarstrukturen lassen sie als eine Folge mechanischer Balkenschädigung interpretieren, doch ist ihr genauer Entstehungsmechanismus bisher ungeklärt.
    Notes: Summary Surface lesions of the corpus callosum, apparently hitherto unrecorded in the literature, are described. They were found in 17 cases among 168 consecutively examined brains. There was no correlation with clinical symptoms, or with general autopsy findings. Their morphology and relationship to neighboring structures suggest that they represent a form of physical trauma to the corpus callosum, but the exact mechanism of their production is not clear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691309
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Residual lesions of cerebral fat embolism (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 216 (1977), S. 227-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Atrophy of white matter ; Cerebral fat embolism ; Coma, posttraumatic ; Dementia, posttraumatic ; Demyelination ; Residual lesions of cerebral fat embolism ; Ventricular enlargement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein Fall von Spätläsionen nach massiver zerebraler Fettembolie zeigt zahlreiche fleckförmige Nekrosen und Zonen von Demyelinisierung der weißen Substanz der Großhirn- und Kleinhirnhemisphären und des Hirnstammes. Auf die Bedeutung dieser Läsionen für die Entstehung eines posttraumatischen Coma oder posttraumatischen Demenz wird hingewiesen.
    Notes: Summary Necropsy findings of a case which survived for three months after massive cerebral fat embolism are presented. The lesions are charcterized by numerous patchy necroses and areas of demyelination in the white matter of cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres and brain stem, accompanied by atrophy of white matter and ventricular enlargement. Attention is drawn to the significance of these lesions for posttraumatic coma or dementia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314047
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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