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  • Event-related potentials  (2)
  • Depressionen  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 233 (1983), S. 471-488 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Event-related potentials ; CNV ; PINV ; PCA ; Anhedonia ; Stimulus discrimination ; Depression ; Ereigniskorrelierte Potentiale ; CNV ; PINV ; PCA ; Anhedonie ; Zusätzliche Reize ; Depressionen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ereigniskorrelierte Potentiale (langsame Potentiale, evozierte Potentiale) und autonome Reaktionen wurden in einem S1–S2-Reaktionszeitparadigma bei Personen erhoben, die auf einer Anhedonieskala hohe oder niedrige (Kontrollgruppe) Werte aufwiesen. Die Verteilung der Anhedoniewerte wurde für verschiedene Gruppen (Studenten, Soldaten, Schizophrene, Depressive) verglichen. Während des sechssekündigen Antizipationsintervalles wurde in 50% der Durchgänge (zufällig) ein dem imperativen Reiz ähnlicher Reiz dargeboten; die Probanden sollten aber nur auf den S2 hin mit Knopfdruck reagieren. Bei Probanden mit hohen Anhedoniewerten zeigt sich gegenüber Kontrollpersonen eine stärkere negative langsame Potentialverschiebung vor dem Zeitpunkt des zusätzlichen Reizes (AS) sowie ein geringerer Rückgang der Negativierung nach dem S2 (PINV). Die Negativierung vor dem AS sowie die ‚'slow wave” auf den S1 variieren mit der bedingten Wahrscheinlichkeit des AS, jedoch weniger deutlich bei Anhedonikern. Der AS selbst löst bei allen Probanden eine positive Verschiebung aus. Die Ergebnisse lassen eine beeinträchtigte Fähigkeit zur Kontingenzermittlung bei Anhedonikern vermuten.
    Notes: Summary Slow brain potentials, evoked potentials and autonomic responses were investigated in anhedonic subjects and controls. The distribution of physical anhedonia (PA) scores from different samples (students, soldiers, schizophrenics, depressives) is compared. Within a S1–S2 reaction time paradigm, an additional, S2-similar stimulus was introduced during the anticipation interval in 50% of trials (pseudorandom). Subjects had to press the button only to the S2. The additional stimulus (AS) elicits a distinct positive deflection. Anhedonics show larger pre-AS negativity and less reduction in negativity after the S2 (PINV) than controls. The slow wave to S1 as well as the pre-AS negativity vary with the conditional probability of the AS, but to a lesser extent in anhedonics. Anhedonics provide more preparatory negativity prior to and following ambiguous or difficult discrimination tasks, but at the frontal site. Results may suggest impaired contingency evaluation in anhedonic subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-6792
    Keywords: Event-related potentials ; Working memory ; Minimum norm solution ; Topography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Event-related potentials were recorded during a delayed matching-to-sample design from 17 volunteers (5 f) using high-resolution (65 channels) EEG-recordings. In the two-stimulus paradigm, the 500-ms stimulus S1 comprised a visual pattern of two diamonds differing in size, angular rotation and location; in the delay period, Working Memory (WM) load was varied in the following way: a stimulus-free interval of 1 s was followed by a 6-s presentation either of a pattern identical to the S1 (low WM load) or of a pattern differing from S1 (high WM load). The 500-ms stimulus S2 comprised one diamond; the subject's task was to indicate by left- or right-hand (respectively) button press, whether the S2 matched the (a) left- or (b) right-positioned S1-diamond, or (c) did not match at all (NoGo). The topographical distribution of activity in the time intervals (a) following S1-offset, (b) during the WM manipulation interval and (c) prior to S2 were evaluated in the signal (scalp potential) and source (Minimum Norm) space. Following S1-offset the ERP pattern was characterised by negativity over posterior areas, slightly more so over the right hemisphere. In the subsequent 6-s interval high WM load elicited a larger negative slow ERP than low WM load, the negativity increase due to high WM load being larger over frontal than central areas. Source modelling indicated activity in anterior areas under high, and posterior activity under low WM load. Asymmetry of activity, although indicating a shift to left-hemispheric activity under high compared to low WM load, varied considerably between subjects. Results suggest that high-resolution ERP recordings allow to examine cortical activity during WM challenge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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