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  • General Chemistry  (5)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (5)
  • Desert shrubs  (2)
  • Dineura virididorsata  (2)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reproductive behaviour of mated and virgin females of a solitary sawflyDineura virididorsata (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 70 (1994), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Hymenoptera ; Symphyta ; Tenthredinidae ; Dineura virididorsata ; sawfly ; sex ratio ; oviposition behaviour ; mating behaviour
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Sex ratios of the arrhenotokous sawflyDineura virididorsata Retz. (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) are variable among populations in the field, but are biased in favour of females. We have concluded elsewhere that the sex ratios of this species cannot be satisfactorily explained by any general sex ratio model that is available. Here we present data on the different behavioural traits that are relevant to interpretation of the evolution of female-biased sex ratios under local mate competition. We report on oviposition behaviour, mating behaviour and the patterns of movement of ovipositing virgin and mated females. Our results show that adult emergence is synchronous and females will mate daily with different males (in the laboratory, at least). This would decrease the relatedness of offspring should it also take place in the field. In addition, ovipositing females (mated and virgin) leave their site of release in a relatively short time and deposit few eggs relative to their capabilities, so siblings are unlikely to be clumped. The time that virgins spend in deposition of an egg is not different from that spent by mated females, so there is no differential ‘investment’ in this regard. These behavioural observations agree with our previous conclusion that the preconditions of current sex ratio theories are not met byD. virididorsata.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02380634
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phytophagous insects enhance nitrogen flux in a desert creosotebush community (1990)
    Springer
    Oecologia 82 (1990), S. 18-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Schlagwort(e): Desert shrubs ; Larrea tridentata ; Nitrogen cycling ; Insects
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary We tested the hypothesis that herbivorous insects on desert shrubs contribute to short-term nitrogen cycling, and increase rates of nitrogen flux from nutrient rich plants. Creosotebush (Larrea tridentata) shrubs were treated with different combinations of fertilizer and water augmentations, resulting in different levels of foliage production and foliar nitrogen contents. Foliage arthropod populations, and nitrogen in canopy dry throughfall, wet throughfall and stemflow were measured to assess nitrogen flux rates relative to arthropod abundances on manipulated and unmanipulated shrubs over a one-month period during peak productivity. Numbers and biomass of foliage arthropods were significantly higher on fertilized shrubs. Sap-sucking phytophagous insects accounted for the greatest numbers of foliage arthropods, but leaf-chewing phytophagous insects represented the greatest biomass of foliage arthropods. Measured amounts of bulk frass (from leaf-chewing insects) were not significantly different among the various treatments. Amounts of nitrogen from dry and wet throughfall and stemflow were significantly greater under fertilized shrubs due to fine frass input from sap-sucking insects. Increased numbers and biomass of phytophagous insects on fertilized shrubs increased canopy to soil nitrogen flux due to increased levels of herbivory and excrement. Nitrogen excreted by foliage arthropods accounted for about 20% of the total one month canopy to soil nitrogen flux, while leaf litter accounted for about 80%.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318528
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Resource quality and spatial variation in sex ratios of a free-living solitary sawfly, Dineura virididorsata (Hym., Tenthredinidae) (1993)
    Springer
    Oecologia 96 (1993), S. 420-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Schlagwort(e): Biased sex ratios ; Dineura virididorsata ; Sex-related survival ; Local mate competition ; Foliage quality
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The sex ratio in final-instar larvae of a birch-feeding, free-living solitary sawfly, Dineura virididorsata, was investigated in Finnish Lapland. The prepupal proportion of females, pooled over ten sites, was 56%, and at four individual sites the sex ratio was significantly female-biased. Larval survival from egg to prepupae did not differ between the sexes. This suggests a femalebiased primary sex ratio in the field. The sex ratio varied among the sites but not among host trees within sites. Contrary to previous results with hymenopterans, we did not find that differences in the sex ratio depended on forage quality: site-specific or tree-specific sex ratios did not correlate with the average prepupal weight. A literature search indicated that female-biased sex ratios are also common in other free-living sawflies. We are unable to explain sex ratios of Dineura virididorsata or other free-living sawflies with existing general models.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317514
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Interplant variation in creosotebush foliage characteristics and canopy arthropods (1989)
    Springer
    Oecologia 81 (1989), S. 166-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Schlagwort(e): Desert shrubs ; Larrea tridentata ; Nitrogen ; Plant-insect interactions ; Phytophagous insects
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary We conducted a field study to test the hypothesis that creosotebush (Larrea tridentata) shrubs growing in naturally nutrient-rich sites had better quality foliage and supported greater populations of foliage arthropods than shrubs growing in nutrient-poor sites. Nutrient-rich sites had significantly higher concentrations of soil nitrogen than nutrient-poor sites. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant differences between high nutrient and low nutrient shrubs based on a number of structural and chemical characteristics measured. High nutrient shrubs were larger, had denser foliage, greater foliage production, higher concentrations of foliar nitrogen and water, and lower concentrations of foliar resin than low nutrient shurbs. Numbers of foliage arthropods, particularly herbivores and predators, were significantly higher on high nutrient shrubs. Shrub characteristics and foliage arthropod abundances varied considerably from shrub to shrub. Shrub characteristics representing shrub size, foliage density, foliage growth, and foliar nitrogen and water concentrations were positively correlated with arthropod abundances. Foliar resin concentrations were negatively correlated with foliage arthropod abundances. The positive relationship between creosotebush productivity and foliage arthropods is contradictory to the tenet that physiologically stressed plants provide better quality foliage to insect herbivores.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379801
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kathodische Korrosion von Blei im Erdboden (1969)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 20 (1969), S. 578-583 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Cathodic corrosion of lead in the soilCathodic corrosion of lead in the soil can be expected in exceptional cases only. The corrosion found on a particular lead cable could be simulated in the laboratory. It could be confirmed, that  -  probably by decomposition of primary lead hydride  -  metallic lead is deposited below layers of Ca and Mg compounds already at potentials below -1,7 V. A special switching method was developed to account for breakthrough polarisation.
    Notizen: Kathodische Korrosion von Blei im Boden ist grundsätzlich nur in Ausnahmefällen zu erwarten. Diese an einem Kabel gefundene Korrosion wurde im Laboratorium nachgebildet. Hierbei konnte bestätigt werden, daß unter Deckschichten aus Calcium- und Magnesiumverbindungen bei Potentialen schon unter -1,7 V metallisches, Blei abgeschieden wurde, wahrscheinlich durch Zersetzung von primär entstandenem Bleihydrid. Für derartige Untersuchungen wurde eine spezielle Schaltmethode entwickelt, bei welcher auch die Durchtrittspolarisation berücksichtigt wird.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19690200704
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kunststoffe im Automobilbau - Anwendung und Wiederverwertung (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 22 (1991), S. 275-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19910220710
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Untersuchung von vinylpyridiniumverbindungen IV.III. I. MIELKE und H. RINGSDORF, Makromol. Chem. 142 (1970) 319. Polyreaktionen von 2-vinylpyridiniumsalzen (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 149 (1971), S. 295-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1971.021490124
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optisch aktives 2-Phenyl-3,4-dimethyl-morpholin (1956)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 68 (1956), S. 181-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19560680508
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gewässerschutz in der BASF AG, Ludwigshafen (1978)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 50 (1978), S. 510-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Waste water purification at BASF, Ludwigshafen/Rh. The manifold problems encountered in the field of waste water treatment in the chemical industry are considered, together with the tasks involved, possible solutions, and costs incurred, for the example of BASF AG in Ludwigshafen. This example is particularly interesting because it shows how the waste water problems of a chemical factory that has been in existence for over a centurvey could be solved in the course of a ten-year plan. Twenty years after the inception of this plan, costs and success can now be quantified.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330500705
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Neue Richtungen in der Polyvanadat-Chemie: Von Käfigen und Clustern zu Körben, Bändern, Schalen und Fässern (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 104 (1992), S. 51-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19921040108
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