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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Life-threatening, recurrent anaphylaxis caused by allergy to gliadin and exercise (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 27 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Exercise-induced urticaria or anaphylaxis is regarded as a distinct form of physical allergy. In some patients the symptoms occur only after ingestion of various food products in connection with exercise. We have come across patients with cereal dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis.Objectives The purpose of the present study was to analyse the allergens in cereals responsible for the severe anaphylactic symptoms and to verify the test methods suitable for screening the patients with cereal dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis.Methods The patients underwent skin-prick tests (SPT) with common inhalant and food allergens as well as with various cereal extracts. IgE-immunoblotting was used to identify the allergenic fractions.Results Five patients found positive in SPT with NaC1 wheat suspension had IgE antibodies to wheat, rye, barley and oats, especially directed against the ethanolsoluble protein fractions in immunoblotting. No IgE antibodies were detected against other cereals. The patients had been unaware of any cereal allergy since anaphylaxis occurred only in association with exercise postprandially. The patients were directed to follow a gluten-free diet and have been free from symptoms, being able to continue their outdoor physical activities.Conclusion Wheat gliadin and the corresponding ethanol-soluble proteins of taxonomically closely related cereals were found to be the allergens in cereal-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Skin-prick testing with NaC1 wheat suspension was a simple and practical test to screen patients with this kind of occult, possibly life-threatening, allergy to cereals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1997.tb00688.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skin-prick test and RAST responses to cereals in children with atopic dermatitis. Characterization of IgE-binding components in wheat and oats by an immunoblotting method (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Hypersensitiviiy to cereals may occur via inhalation or ingestion. Although cereals are essential in the daily nutrition, only little information is available of the allergens causing symptoms in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD).Objective The purpose of the present study was to analyse the IgE immune-response to various cereals and specific cereal fractions of wheat and oats in children with severe AD and correlate the results with challenge studies.Methods Skin-Prick tests (SPT) with a NaCL suspension of wheat. oats, rice, corn. millet and buckwheat and the ethenol soluble sliadin fraction of wheat were performed to 34 wheat/oats challange positive or negative children with AD Simultaneously serum total IgE and specific IgE antibody radioallergosorbent test (RAST), levels to wheat, oats and gluten were determined, In addition serum samples of these 34 AD patients and five age matched controls were analysed with IgE immunoblotting using neutral and acidic protien extracts of wheat and oats.Results From the 34 AD children 33 were SPT positive with wheat and 18 with oats. Positive RAST to wheat and oats could be detected in 32 and 30 samples respectively. From the oral Wheat challange positive children 12/14 appeared positive with gliadin SPT and revealed positive RAST to gluten, but each of the wheat challenge negative were negtive in SPT with gliadin. In immunoblotting using neutral and acidic fractions of cereals the IgE binding with sera of challenge positive children showed the most intensive staining, but no correlation was found between differrent staining patterns and the clinical wheat sensitivity. The 26,38 and 69 KDa bands in wheat and the 46 and 66 KDa in oats could be classified as major IgE binding proteins of these cereals (〉50% of the sera were positive). SPT with rice, corn, miller or buckwheat and oats was positive in 16/34 patients.Conclusion Intensive IgE staining to natural acidic soluble proteins in wheat and oats was seen with major IgE binding to 26.38 and 69 KDa protiens in wheat and 46 and 66 KDa in oats, but no specific IgE staining patterns correlating with clinical cereal sensitivity were found. The strong association between the positive SPT with the ethnol soluble gliadin suggest that also gliadin is an important allergen in wheat-allergic children with AD. The allergens in rice, corn, millet and buckwheat should be better studied before they can be recommended as alternatives for cereal allergic children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb03257.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antigliadin IgE – indicator of wheat allergy in atopic dermatitis (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Cereal grains are recognized as the cause of adverse reactions in some patients exposed to grain or flour by either inhalation or ingestion. Cereal-related diseases, such as celiac disease and baker's asthma, have been well studied and the causative cereal proteins have been characterized. Although cereals form an essential part of daily nutrition, the allergenic proteins causing symptoms on ingestion in atopic dermatitis (AD) have remained obscure. In this study, we have investigated the allergenic fraction of wheat in AD. Methods: Skin prick tests (SPT) with a NaCl wheat suspension and the ethanol-soluble wheat gliadin were performed on 18 wheat-challenge-positive or -negative children with AD, six adult AD patients with suspected cereal allergy, and one adult with wheat-dependent exercise-induced urticaria/anaphylaxis. Serum total IgE and specific IgE-antibody levels to wheat and gluten were measured with the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) simultaneously. In addition serum samples of all 25 patients were analyzed by IgE immunoblotting with the ethanol-soluble wheat-protein extract. Results: Thirteen of the AD children were wheat-challenge-positive, 11/12 of them appeared to be positive with gliadin SPT, and all had an elevated gluten RAST value. Those challenge-negative were negative with both gliadin SPT and gluten RAST. Positive wheat SPT and RAST alone were not associated with positive challenges. Four of the adult patients responded to a cereal-free diet, although only two of them appeared to be positive with gliadin SPT and gluten RAST. A broad and intensive staining of gliadin peptides in IgE-immunoblotting studies was seen in challenge-positive children with positive gliadin SPT and/or gluten RAST. Besides staining of peptides in the main gliadin area of 30–46 kDa, a characteristic finding was the staining of small, 〈14-kDa proteins with sera of challenge- and gliadin-SPT-positive patients. Conclusions: We found that wheat-allergic AD patients have IgE antibodies against gliadin that can be detected by both SPT and the sensitive immunoblotting method. This suggests that gliadin peptides are important allergens, and ingestion of wheat causes symptoms of AD. A broad and intensive IgE staining was seen of gliadin peptides against both the previously characterized peptides in the main gliadin area and small, previously uncharacterized peptides of less than 14 kDa. The gliadin SPT and gluten RAST are good screening methods. Further characterization of the IgE-stained gliadin proteins is needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00451.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation of RAMS markers within the intersterility groups of Heterobasidion annosum in Europe (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Forest pathology 29 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0329
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Random amplified microsatellite (RAMS) markers were used for the analysis of genetic variation within and among the intersterility groups of Heterobasidion annosum. Isolates from seven European countries were used, and the analysis of 77 markers revealed banding patterns with several markers unique to intersterility (IS) groups S, P and F. The highest number of polymorphic markers and the lowest number of fixed markers was observed within IS group P. In addition, a low level of geographic differentiation was observed within IS groups S and P by amova analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0329.1999.00148.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IgA anti-endomysial antibodies in dermatitis herpetiformis: correlation with jejunal morphology, gluten-free diet and anti-gliadin antibodies (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 117 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Circulating IgA-class anti-endomysium antibodies (EmA) can be detected by indirect immunofiuorescence on monkey oesophagus sections. We found EmA in 22 (76%) of 29 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) on a normal, gluten-containing diet. The highest frequency (100%) of EmA was observed in patients with sub-total villous atrophy. IgA-class antigliadin antibodies (AGA) were found using an ELISA method in 59% of 29 DH patients and in 86% of those with sub-total villous atrophy. There was a significant correlation between EmA litres and AGA levels in individual patients.Gluten-free diet (GFD) treatment caused a rapid decrease in EmA litres; only three of the 12 patients still showed raised EmA after 6–12 months on a GFD and two of these three had failed to adhere to a strict diet. In contrast, no decrease in EmA titres occurred in four patients maintained on a normal diet, and two of the three patients with initially negative EmA developed positive titres when continuing on a normal diet. These results show that both IgA-class EmA and AGA are good indicators of jejunal damage in DH. The rapid fall of EmA titres after gluten withdrawal indicates that this test is also useful for monitoring a patient's adherence to a GFD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb04115.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of partial 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from activated sludge bacteria (1997)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 48 (1997), S. 73-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The cultivated and uncultivated bacterial communities of an activated sludge plant were studied. Two samples were taken and a total of 516 bacterial isolates were classified into groups using their whole-cell protein patterns. The distribution of bacteria into protein-pattern groups differed significantly between the two samples, suggesting variation in culturable bacterial flora. Partial 16S rRNA gene sequences were determined for representatives of the commonest protein-pattern groups. Most of the sequences obtained were previously unknown, but relatively closely related to known sequences of organisms belonging to the α, β or γ subclasses of the proteobacteria, the first two subclasses being predominant. This classification of bacteria isolated on a diluted nutrient-rich medium differed from recent culture-dependent studies using nutrient-rich media. The uncultivated bacterial community was studied by analyzing ten partial 16S rRNA gene sequences cloned directly from activated sludge. None of the cloned sequences was identical to those determined for culturable organisms; or to those in the GenBank database. They were, however, related to the α or β subclasses of the proteobacteria, or to the gram-positive bacteria with a high G+C DNA content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051017
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproductive behaviour of mated and virgin females of a solitary sawflyDineura virididorsata (1994)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 70 (1994), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Hymenoptera ; Symphyta ; Tenthredinidae ; Dineura virididorsata ; sawfly ; sex ratio ; oviposition behaviour ; mating behaviour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sex ratios of the arrhenotokous sawflyDineura virididorsata Retz. (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) are variable among populations in the field, but are biased in favour of females. We have concluded elsewhere that the sex ratios of this species cannot be satisfactorily explained by any general sex ratio model that is available. Here we present data on the different behavioural traits that are relevant to interpretation of the evolution of female-biased sex ratios under local mate competition. We report on oviposition behaviour, mating behaviour and the patterns of movement of ovipositing virgin and mated females. Our results show that adult emergence is synchronous and females will mate daily with different males (in the laboratory, at least). This would decrease the relatedness of offspring should it also take place in the field. In addition, ovipositing females (mated and virgin) leave their site of release in a relatively short time and deposit few eggs relative to their capabilities, so siblings are unlikely to be clumped. The time that virgins spend in deposition of an egg is not different from that spent by mated females, so there is no differential ‘investment’ in this regard. These behavioural observations agree with our previous conclusion that the preconditions of current sex ratio theories are not met byD. virididorsata.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02380634
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