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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 236 (1985), S. 145-151 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Fetal monitoring ; Transcutaneous pO2x ; Transcutaneous pCO2x ; Fetal physiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We used newly developed transcutaneous electrodes to measure continuously the partial pressure of oxygen (tcpO2) and carbon dioxide (tcpCO2) in 34 fetuses during labor, having simultaneous cardiotocography (CTG) and temperature measurements. We observed that tcpO2 and tcpCO2 varied with contractions during the first and second stages of labor. In some cases changes in the transcutaneous values corresponded well with changes in the CTG, we also detected changes in the fetal gas metabolism that were not noticeable on the cardiotocographic tracing. We defined the characteristic of the tcpO2 and tcpCO2 during the second stage of labor and found that the tcpO2 decreased and the tcpCO2 rose at this time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 21 (2000), S. 358-363 
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kleinzelliges Lungenkarzinom ; Neoadjuvante Chemotherapie ; Differenzierungswandel ; Adenokarzinom ; Tumorheterogenität ; Keywords Small-cell lung cancer ; Neoadjuvant chemotherapy ; Changing differentiation ; Adenocarcinoma ; Tumor heterogeneity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract We reexamined biopsy and resection specimens from seven patients with histologically established primary diagnosis of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) which showed previously undetected adenocarcinomatous differentiation after chemotherapy. Adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in the same part of the lung as was SCLC before treatment in five cases and in contralateral location in two. Two tumors showed heterogeneous differentiation with small-cell and adenocarcinomatous components, and five had only adenocarcinoma. The interval between histological evidence of SCLC and adenocarcinoma was 3 months–5 years. From the specific findings in the respective patients we can offer two possible explanations for changing differentiation in SCLC after chemotherapy: (a) a primarily heterogeneously differentiated tumor with selection of adenocarcinomatous component under chemotherapy, and (b) an independently developed adenocarcinoma after successful chemotherapy of SCLC, as patients with treated SCLC are known to have an increased risk of non-SCLC. However, therapy-induced alteration of differentiation seems much more unlikely. These findings should be considered in diagnosis and therapy of SCLC to allow early and appropriate reaction to non-SCLC components.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Von 7 Patienten mit histologisch gesichertem und chemotherapeutisch behandeltem kleinzelligem Lungenkarzinom wurden die zur Verlaufskontrolle oder zur Therapie entnommenen Präparate, die in allen Fällen Strukturen eines prätherapeutisch nicht bekannten Adenokarzinoms aufwiesen, histologisch aufgearbeitet und lichtmikroskopisch untersucht. Ziel unserer Studie sollte es sein, mögliche Erklärungsansätze für den hier beobachteten Differenzierungswandel aufzuzeigen. Unsere Ergebnisse legen im wesentlichen folgende 2 Erklärungsmöglichkeiten nahe: 1. Bei der bekannten Heterogenität bösartiger Lungentumoren lag bereits prätherapeutisch ein heterogen differenzierter Tumor vor, wobei der phänotypisch adenoid differenzierte Anteil in der Primärbiopsie nicht erfasst wurde und/oder es unter der Therapie zu einer Tumorselektion der zunächst quantitativ unbedeutenden adenoiden Komponente kam. 2. Es lag ein zweiter Primärtumor vor, der unabhängig vom kleinzelligen Karzinom entstanden ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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