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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interleukin-1β and interleukin-1α stimulate the N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase activity of human synovial cells (1987)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 7 (1987), S. 271-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Synovial cells ; N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase ; Interleukin-1 ; Synovial activator ; Rheumatoid arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The properties of synovial cells are altered in vitro by monocyte-macrophage polypeptides (monokines), and these changes could explain some of the properties of the inflamed synovium in rheumatoid disease. Purified monokines have become available only recently for testing on the target synovial cells. We report here that purified human interleukin (IL)-1β and recombinant human Il-1α stimulate the extracellular activity of the lysosomal hydrolase, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAG), of human synovial fibroblast-like cells. In contrast, another monokine, synovial activator, does not increase the NAG activity. Thus NAG is another cellular activity which can be modulated by interleukin-1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270528
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulate prostacyclin levels of human synovial fibroblast-like cells (1985)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 5 (1985), S. 121-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Synovial cells ; Prostacyclin ; Mononuclear cells ; Retinoic acid ; Rheumatoid arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fibroblast-like synovial cells, isolated from intact joints of non-arthritic human donors and from explants of rheumatoid and non-rheumatoid synovial tissue, released prostacyclin (PGI2) when incubated in conditioned medium from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MCCM). The effect of MCCM on the rate of PGI2 synthesis (measured by radioimmunoassay as the stable product, 6-keto-PGF1 α) was clearly established within 2 h and appeared to require RNA and protein synthesis as judged by inhibition with actinomycin D and cycloheximide, respectively. Low concentrations of dexamethasone suppressed the increase in PGI2 levels. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels were also raised by the MCCM and reduced by dexamethasone. All-trans retinoic acid did not stimulate the levels of either prostanoid. These findings offer an explanation for some of the inflammatory events occurring in rheumatoid lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00541331
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulate N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase levels of human synovial fibroblast-like cells (1985)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 5 (1985), S. 55-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Synovial cells ; Lysosomes ; N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase ; Prostaglandins ; Rheumatoid arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fibroblast-like synovial cells isolated from intact joints of non-arthritic human donors released up to nine-times higher activity of the lysosomal acid hydrolase N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAG) than controls when incubated in conditioned medium from homologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MCCM). This increase occurred without decrease in cell numbers or other evidence of cytotoxicity. An increase in cell-associated NAG activity was also suggested, but this was not statistically significant. Indomethacin present during production of MCCM or added with MCCM to fibroblast cultures did not alter the response to MCCM, indicating that the effect of MCCM was not due to the presence of products from the cyclo-oxygenase pathway. At a concentration known to block protein synthesis in most cells (10−5 M), cycloheximide markedly suppressed the NAG releasing response to MCCM. The secretion of NAG due to MCCM was not affected by all-trans retinoic acid (10−6 M) but was suppressed by the corticosteroid, dexamethasone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270297
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromone activity in a single component of tergal gland extract ofLutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Jacobina, Northeastern Brazil (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 141-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: sex pheromone ; tergal gland ; Lutzomyia longipalpis ; Diptera ; Psychodidae ; gas chromatography ; high-pressure liquid chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The sex pheromone component of maleLutzomyia longipalpis tergal gland extract was isolated and its activity confirmed by bioassay. Whole tergal gland extract was analyzed by HPLC and fractions were collected as they eluted from the detector. Each fraction was tested in an attraction bioassay with virgin unfed femaleLutzomyia longipalpis. HPLC analysis showed that whole extract contained several peaks; one large peak, one small peak and several minor peaks. Purity of the HPLC fractions was determined by GC analysis. The bioassays revealed that the large peak was responsible for most of the observed female behavior. The addition of the small peak to the large peak improved the response although by itself the small peak failed to elicit any significant behavior. Minor peaks failed to elicit any response. Chemical analysis revealed the large peak to be a relatively nonpolar hydrocarbon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02065997
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multichemical defense of plant bugHotea gambiae (westwood) (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae) (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 343-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Scent gland ; defensive secretion ; Hotea gambiae (H. subfasciata) ; Heteroptera ; Scutelleridae ; Malvaceae ; monoterpenoids ; α-pinene ; β-pinene ; limonene ; β-phellandrene ; sesquiterpenoids ; caryophyllene ; caryophyllene oxide ; humulene ; humulene epoxide ; allomones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Chemical defense in larvae of the plant bugHotea gambiae has been investigated. Results of analyses (GC, GC-MS) on the secretions from the three dorsally situated larval abdominal defense (scent) glands are reported. The secretion from the first abdominal gland consists of a mixture of C10 and C15 isoprenoids: (C10) α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, β-phellandrene; (C15) β-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, α-humulene, and (the major component) humulene epoxide II. The secretions from the second and third abdominal glands are similar mixtures consisting of (E)-2-decenal, (E)-4-oxohex-2-enal, andn-tridecane together with lesser amounts of (E)-2-hexenal,n-dodecane, and other materials. Isoprenoid defense is now known from four species of plant bugs (Heteroptera) associated with Malvaceae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411421
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multichemical defense of plant bugHotea gambiae (Westwood) (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae): (E)-2-hexenol from abdominal gland in adults (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 1399-1409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Scent gland ; defensive secretion ; Hotea gambiae ; Heteroptera ; Scutelleridae ; (E)-2-hexenol ; hex-2-enal ; oct-2-enal ; 4-oxohex-2-enal ; β-pinene ; limonene ; sex dimorphism ; feeding ; repellent ; pheromone ; ovicide ; Calliphora ; Diptera ; Calliphoridae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The occurrence inHotea gambia adults of a sexual dimorphism in the divided dorsal abdominal scent gland (dg 1)is reported. Counts made of ducted secretory units indicate that female dg 1 regresses at the end of larval development, unlike male dg 1 which undergoes no regression. Other dorsal abdominal scent glands (dg 2, dg 3) which function in the larvae cease to function during the imaginai moult. From gas chromatographic, mass spectrometric and [1H]NMR data, the identity of the secretion from male adult dg 1 was established as virtually pure (E)-2-hexenol (a 100-mg mature male adult contains 0.5–1 μl of secretion). 2-Hexenol was also found in the reduced female adult dg 1. In the sexually monomorphic metathoracic scent gland, (E)-2-alkenals (C6, C8) and (E)-4-oxohex-2-enal, together with monoterpenes (β-pinene, limonene) but not 2-hexenol, were identified. The vapor of (E)-2-hexenol is repellent to both sexes ofHotea adults and toxic to blowfly (Calliphora) eggs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012140
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