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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Favourable levels of cardio-vascular health and risk indicators during childhood and adolescence (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 144 (1985), S. 360-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Cardio-vascular health indicators ; Maximal aerobic power ; Arterial blood pressure ; Blood lipids ; Habitual physical activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper is concerned with favourable levels of constitutional cardio-vascular health indicators during childhood and adolescence. A cross-sectional randomised sample of healthy Czechoslovakian children was investigated, because this population is habituated to a favourable life style. Twenty girls and 20 boys at ages 8, 12 and 16 years were recruited to the study. Statistical data for means and standard deviations are presented with regard to maximal aerobic power, haemodynamic variables such as arterial blood pressure, heart rate at submaximal and maximal muscular exercise, body fat content, blood lipids including total cholesterol and its fractions, high- and low-density lipo-proteins, fasting triglycerides and the apo-lipo-protein profile. The maximal oxygen uptake in absolute values increased with age in both sexes and the boys appeared to average higher than the girls at each age. When maximal aerobic power was expressed on a total body weight basis, boys appeared to average higher at age 16 years (56 ml·min-1·kg-1) than girls (45.8 ml·min-1·kg-1). The highest recorded heart rate for ergometric work averaged close to 200 min-1 in both sexes with no significant age differences. The diastolic blood pressure at rest did not change significantly with age or sex. Serum cholesterol levels were found to decrease significantly after puberty in boys (post-pubertal dip), but in the girls there was found no systematic change in mean values with age. When HDL was expressed as a percentage of total cholesterol there appeared to be no differences related to age and sex. Neither the apo-lipo-proteins, nor the fasting serum triglycerides changed significantly with age and sex. The inter-relationship between the different health indicators as well the influences of life style on risk factors are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441778
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pattern of breathing and the ventilatory response to breathing through a tube and to physical exercise in sport divers (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 59 (1989), S. 55-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Breath-hold diving ; Diving with apparatus ; Ventilatory response to tube breathing ; Ventilatory response to physical exercise ; Pattern of breathing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Well-trained divers can be expected to differ from healthy controls in their ventilatory response to breathing through a tube and to physical exercise. Therefore, we measured their minute ventilation ( $$\dot V_E $$ ) at rest and during breathing through a tube combined with two levels of physical exercise (1 or 2 W·kg body weight−1). For breathing through a tube an additional dead space of 600 ml was used. All divers were trained in the breath-hold technique and in the use of the breathing apparatus. Their mean period of training as divers was 9±6 years. The approximate age of the subjects was 25 years. The pattern of breathing and the oxygen uptake were measured by spirometer, the end-tidal concentration of CO2 was measured and all experiments were carried out above sea level. The ventilation of the divers at rest was comparable to that of the controls. During physical exercise it was smaller whether during breathing through a tube or not. The inadequate increase of $$\dot V_E $$ during exercise in divers was associated with hypercapnia only at a higher physical work intensity (of 2 W·kg−1). This finding is interpreted as a lower chemoregulatory response to the combined stimuli of hypercapnia, hypoxia and physical exercise. In some situations significant bradypnoea and higher tidal volumes were found in the divers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02396580
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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