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  • Electron microscopy  (1)
  • Geniculo-cortical relay cells  (1)
  • Hippocampus  (1)
  • Key words Aging  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural development of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of genetically microphthalmic mice (1985)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 60 (1985), S. 527-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Electron microscopy ; Lateral geniculate nucleus ; Mouse ; Mutant ; Microphthalmia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of microphthalmic mice is described in affected white homozygotes (mi/mi) and their apparently normal grey littermates. In the dLGN of mi/mi animals populations of apparently normal axon terminals were observed, including some with flattened synaptic vesicles and other small terminals with round vesicles and dark mitochondria (RSD), possibly of cortico-thalamic origin, just as in normal mice. However, no typical large retinal endings with round vesicles and pale mitochondria (RLP) are visible. Instead they appear to be replaced by other large boutons with round vesicles and dark mitochondria (RLD). Eye enucleation does not cause degeneration of these RLD terminals. In apparently normal grey littermates RLP terminals are present and they degenerate when an eye is enucleated. But RLD endings are also found in these animals, and never degenerate after enucleation. The origin of the RLD terminals is unclear but seems not to be cortical. These findings are compared with those of Cullen and Kaiserman-Abramof (1976) in a different strain (ZRDCT-An) of anophthalmic mouse in which they found large replacement terminals similar to our RLD boutons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236938
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cortical perineuronal nets in the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica): a distribution pattern contrasting with that shown in placental mammals (1998)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 197 (1998), S. 249-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Neocortex ; Hippocampus ; Extracellular space ; Perineuronal net ; Marsupials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Extracellular matrix proteoglycans accumulated in perineuronal nets and in certain neuropil zones have been shown to influence the immediate neuronal microenvironment, and to contribute to the chemoarchitectonic characteristics of neuronal networks. Studies in different placental mammals, including the human, have suggested that the major principles of extracellular matrix distribution remained constant during phylogenesis of the different mammalian strains. However, the comparison of matrix distribution between various species also indicates that striking deviations from the basic pattern may occur, although their functional significance appears unknown as yet. This study examines the extracellular matrix in the forebrain of a basic American marsupial, which has evolved independently of placental mammals for more than 100 million years. Brain sections obtained from adult gray short-tailed opossums (Monodelphis domestica) were stained for extracellular matrix components using the N-acetylgalactosamine-binding lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA), a polyclonal antibody against chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPG), and biotinylated hyaluronectin for the detection of hyaluronan. In subcortical regions, the distribution patterns of WFA-stained and CSPG-immunoreactive perineuronal nets were similar to those reported previously in placental mammals. In contrast, a unique distribution was found in the neocortex. This distribution was characterized by the presence of perineuronal nets around pyramidal cells and matrix components within the adjacent neuropil that together form a continuously labeled zone in layer V. Weakly stained nets ensheathed less numerous pyramidal cells in the upper layers II/III and a few multipolar cortical neurons. Dual staining experiments showed that cortical net-associated neurons were rarely immunopositive for parvalbumin. This fact, in addition to the predominant association of extracellular matrix components with layer V pyramidal cells, differentiates the neocortex in Monodelphis from that of all placental mammals studied to date. Regarding the basic phylogenetic position of this marsupial species it remains to be shown if these distribution characteristics of extracellular matrix may represent also a basic feature of cortical organization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050135
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormally phosphorylated protein tau in the cortex of aged individuals of various mammalian orders (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 100 (2000), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Aging ; Animal model ; Cortex ; Microtubule-associated protein tau ; Hyperphosphorylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aged individuals of mammalian species displaying hyperphosphorylated tau protein may be suitable natural models for investigating neurodegenerative alterations occurring, for example, in Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, autoptic tissue from the entorhinal, motor and prefrontal cortices of 14 mammalian species was screened using the monoclonal antibody AT8, which is directed against a phosphorylated epitope of human tau and applicable to the tissues of aged domestic animals, as shown in previous studies. AT8-immunoreactive neuronal processes and perikarya were revealed in Campbell’s guenon, rhesus monkey, baboon, rabbit, spectacled bear, guanaco, reindeer and bison. Signs for considerable neuropathological alterations in aged bisons also included neuropil threads, whereas AT8 immunoreactivity in the other species was only sparsely scattered. Hyperphosphorylated tau in the brain of an 28-year-old rhesus monkey was also detected by AT100, PHF-1 and TG-3 antibodies, but only in the hippocampal formation and entorhinal cortex, which are known as starting point for tangle spreading in the cortex of Alzheimer patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010000183
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two morphologically different types of retinal axon terminals in the rat's dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and their relationships to the X- and Y-channel (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 36 (1979), S. 523-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Rat ; dLGN ; Retinal afferents ; X- and Y-channel ; Geniculo-cortical relay cells ; HRP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the rat's dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) two types of retino-geniculate axon terminals have been visualized electron microscopically in adult and juvenile material as well as in Golgi-Kopsch and Golgi-Rapid impregnated sections. The two types differ in size and number of boutons. 2a-terminals have large, sparse boutons, mainly connected with branching zones of geniculo-cortical relay cells (GCR cells). 2b-terminals bear numerous small boutons forming simple contacts with more distal segments of GCR cell dendrites. We are not able to give any information about participation of either type in complex synaptic zones. After horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injection in the superior colliculus optic tract fibres and lateral fibre bundles in the dLGN are labelled with reaction product. Besides these tracts the terminal branching zones of retino-tectal fibre collaterals in the dLGN also show reaction product. As a result of the good visualization of these retinal terminals by the HRP-method they are identified as 2a-terminals. We conclude that 2a-terminals may represent the Y-channel projecting from the retina to both the superior colliculus and the dLGN.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238520
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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