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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (14)
  • Electrophoretic karyotype  (1)
  • Gasseparation  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrophoretic karyotype of cellulolytic Penicillium janthinellum strains (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 20 (1991), S. 289-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Penicillium janthinellum ; Electrophoretic karyotype ; Pulse field gel electrophoresis ; Genome mapping ; Cellulase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The genome of the cellulolytic fungus Penicillium janthinellum BIOURGE was resolved completely by rotating field electrophoresis. The gel pattern revealed 8–10 different chromosomes. On the basis of data for yeast chromosome size standards from Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, chromosome sizes in the range from 2.0 to 8 mb were estimated. By Southern hybridization with heterologous probes, the chromosomal locations of rDNA, the elongation factor EF1, actin and ubiquitin have all been mapped. In addition, first results with heterologous and homologous probes for cellulolytic genes from Trichoderma reesei and P. janthinellum are presented. In contrast to the other probes, signals obtained with cellulase genes are clearly distributed over several chromosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318517
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas-Trennung mit MembranenVortrag von G. Schulz auf dem Jahrestreffen der Verfahrens-Ingenieure, 30. Sept. bis 2. Okt. 1981 in Düsseldorf. (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 54 (1982), S. 351-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Gas Separation with membranes. Gas separation with membranes has already been tested in numerous fields of application, e. g. uranium enrichment or H2 separation. In many of these processes the mass transfer units, so-called permeators, have to be connected in tandem in order to achieve high concentrations. A most economical operating method provides for each case an optimization of the cascades with regard to the membrane materials, construction and design of module. By utilization of the concentration gradient along the membrane a new process development has been accomplished - the continuously operating membrane rectification unit. Investment and operating costs can be reduced considerably for a number of separating processes by combining a membrane rectification unit with a conventional recycling cascade. However, the new procedure requires that the specifications for the module construction, flow design, and membrane properties be reconsidered.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330540409
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permeation von Gasen durch Löslichkeits-Membranen (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 54 (1982), S. 508-510 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330540517
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastrennung mit Membranen  -  ein Stufentrennverfahren (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 53 (1981), S. 113-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330530210
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Abbaureaktionen bei der alkalischen Hydrolyse von Polyacrylsäureestern in Dimethylsulfoxid (1987)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 188 (1987), S. 1047-1054 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The alkaline hydrolysis of some methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate copolymers in alkaline dimethyl sulfoxide leads to products containing carboxyl groups and having molecular weights which are significantly lower than those of the original copolymers. Size exclusion chromatographic (SEC) investigations provide detailed information on the degree of degradation and the influence of hydrolysis rate on degradation. Comparing the reactivities of structural units it is assumed that the degradation reaction occurs at the ethyl acrylate units.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1987.021880509
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of hydrodynamic data on polymethacrylates with mesogenic pendant groups (1993)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 2199-2213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Dilute solutions of poly{6-[4-(4-methoxyphenoxycarbonyl)phenoxy]hexyl methacrylate} (1 a, structure-based IUPAC name poly(1-{6-[4-(4-methoxyphenoxycarbonyl)phenoxy]hexyloxycarbonyl}-1-methylethylene)) were investigated by means of size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), osmometry, light scattering, and viscometry. It was found that the universal calibration of SEC is not valid with this polymer and that dilute solution properties (intrinsic viscosity, second virial coefficient) are at variance with predictions from the two-parameter theory of polymer solutions. The latter discordance is explained on the basis of the theory of hydrodynamic properties of wormlike chains which takes into account the effective diameter of the chain. The characteristic ratio (C ∞ = 15,1) and the Kuhn segment length (λ-1 = 28 · 10-8 cm) were estimated. The polymer-solvent interaction parameter was shown to decrease in the series of solvents: 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide. The interaction of the solvents with the side groups was shown to be the determining factor.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1993.021940805
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of functionality and molecular weight distributions in α-hydroxy-ω-benzyloxyoligo(1,3,6-trioxocane)s using HPLC methods (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 191 (1990), S. 907-920 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The cationic ring-opening polymerization of 1,3,6-trioxocane(TO) in presence of benzyl alcohol occurs in accordance with the activated monomer mechanism. In addition to their molecular weight distribution the reaction products exhibit a distribution of their end-functionality caused by transacetalization. Two-dimensional chromatography, including size-exclusion and high-performance liquid chromatography, was used to characterize quantitatively the molecular weight and functionality distribution. The postulated mechanism leading to a functionality distribution is supported by the experimental results obtained.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1990.021910417
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerisation von N-substituierten maleimiden in epoxidverbindungen, 2Teil 1, cf.8. (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 182 (1990), S. 153-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The polymerization of N-substituted maleimides which takes place in epoxy compounds is anionically initiated by a starting reaction of second (pseudo first) order. The complete reaction was studied up to high yields by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Below 180°C oligomers of the maleimides were formed which have a degree of polymerization Pn up to 10 and a narrow molecular weight distribution. The rate constant of polymerization is k1(120°C) = 2,18·10-5 (SEC) and 5,24·10-5 s-1 (dilatometry), respectively. Above 200°C copolymers with alternating tendency were obtained. The results help to interpret the dynamic-mechanical properties of cured bismaleimides-bisphenol A model compositions.
    Notes: Die Polymerisation von N-substituierten Maleimiden in Epoxiden wird durch eine Startreaktion zweiter (pseudo-erster) Ordnung anionisch initiiert. Die Gesamtreaktion wurde mit Hilfe der Ausschlußchromatographie (SEC) bis zu hohem Umsatz verfolgt. Unter 180°C werden Oligomere des Phenylmaleimids mit einem Polymerisationsgrad bis 10 und enger Molmassenverteilung gebildet. Die Geschwindigkeitskonstante der Polymerisation ist k1(120°C) = 2,18·10-5 (SEC) bzw. 5,24·10-5 s-1 (Dilatometrie). Uber 200°C werden Copolymere mit Alternierungstendenz erhalten. Mit Hilfe der Ergebnisse wird das dynamisch-mechanische Verhalten von Modellformstoffen aus Bismaleimiden und Bisphenol A-Epoxidharzen interpretiert.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1990.051820110
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of the anionic copolymerization of anhydride-cured epoxies - analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 17 (1996), S. 359-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The mechanism of the strictly alternating anionic copolymerization of phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) and phthalic anhydride (PA) was initiated by various imidazoles. Because of the strictly alternating copolymerization polyesters with a repeating unit of PGE-PA were obtained. The mechanism of the reaction was analyzed by means of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). With this technique the molar masses of the oligomers, the molar mass of the repeating unit, the weight-average molar mass M̄w and the number-average molar mass M̄n, their ratio M̄w/M̄n and the residual molar mass could be calculated. The strictly alternating copolymerization was easy to prove because the molar masses of PGE and PA are slightly different. The question whether the initiator remains chemically bound during the whole reaction could be solved. To this end polyesters obtained by initiation with various imidazoles with different molar masses were synthesized. The calculated residual molar masses correspond exactly to the molar masses of the imidazoles.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1996.030170512
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the polydispersity of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol by means of high-performance liquid chromatography and curve fitting (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 198 (1997), S. 2249-2278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A modified high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of the molecular weight distribution of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMEG) is described. The weight percentage of the polymer homologues, up to a degree of polymerization X of 79, can be determined. This covers about 93 wt.-% of the material with number-average molecular weight M̄n = 1000, but only 65 wt.-% of that with M̄n = 2000. Direct calculation of the means M̄n, M̄w, and M̄z from these percentages leads to erroneous results because of the neglect of the summands with X 〉 79. Therefore, a curve fit is performed and M̄n, M̄w, and M̄z are calculated from the fitting parameters. From the known molecular weight distribution functions, Wesslau's and Kubin's function yielded the best fit. The results of this method are compared with those of gel permeation chromatography, viscosimetric measurements, supercritical fluid chromatography, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and evaporative light scattering detector methods. The scope and the limitations of this method are discussed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1997.021980719
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