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Haematological characterisation of heavy tick infestation in koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) (1993)

Spencer, A. J. ; Canfield, P. J.

Springer

Comparative clinical pathology 3 (1993), S. 225-229

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ISSN: 1433-2981

Keywords: Koalas ; Tick infestation ; Regenerative anaemia ; Reticulocytes ; Circulating nucleated erythroid cells ; Erythrocyte granular inclusions

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract The haematological effects of heavy tick infestation were investigated in eight koalas. In six koalas with uncomplicated tick infestation erythroid regeneration was characterised by enhanced reticulocytosis, increased numbers of circulating nucleated erythroid cells (CNEC) and the occurrence of erythrocyte granular inclusions (EGI). EGI were determined from transmission electron microscopy to be primarily mitochondria with ferruginous micelles between cristae. Recovery from anaemia took 3–5 weeks. Leucocyte changes on recovery were restricted to increased lymphocytes for five and increased eosinophils for four of the six koalas. In the two koalas with underlying disease and tick infestation the anaemia was still characterised by increased levels of CNEC and the presence of EGI but enhanced reticulocytosis was absent or limited. These results suggest that enhanced reticulocytosis is a good indicator of regenerative anaemia in the koala. Enhanced CNEC and EGI may accompany the regenerative response but their presence alone may not be sufficient to indicate regeneration.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02341970

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An application of the calculus of variations to rectilinear flow of granular materials (1985)

Spencer, A. J. M. ; O'Mahony, T. C.

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 9 (1985), S. 225-235

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ISSN: 0363-9061

Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences

Notes: The calculus of variations is an attractive tool for the determination of critical slip surfaces, but there are unresoived difficulties in its application to plane strain problems. Here we consider the simpler problem of rectilinear flow under gravity or other constant body force. In particular we investigate the stability of an infinitely long slope of finite width for material with cohesion and internal friction. From a variational formulation, the differential equation of the critical slip surface is formulated. An explict solution of this equation is obtained, and hence we determine the critical slope angle in terms of the width of the slope and the material properties. The results are compared with those of an earlier limit analysis treatment.

Additional Material: 4 Ill.