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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 56 (1982), S. 225-232 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Adult canine neurovisceral storage disease ; Phagocyte-like cells ; Myelin ; Peripheral nerves ; Oligosaccharide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This paper describes three cases of what is probably a new form of storage disorder. The affected animals were English Springer Spaniels and they had developed progressive neurological signs when 2–3 years old. They had gross enlargement of the vagi and of the spinal nerves supplying the brachial plexus. By light microscopy in these nerves there were massive amounts of endoneurial loose fibrous tissue with dispersion of nerve fibres and many foamy phagocyte-like cells. In the central nervous system there was very severe cytoplasmic vacuolation of most neurones and neuroglia, perivascular phagocyte-like cells, loss of myclin, loss of Purkinje cells, numerous spheroids, hypertrophic astrocytes and fibrous astrocytosis. There was also foamy cytoplasmic vacuolation of renal convoluted tubules and pancreatic exocrine parenchyma and numerous foamy phagocyte-like cells in lymph node and lung. On ultrastructural examination membrane bound vacuoles wee present in the cytoplasm of affected neurones and phagocyte-like cells. Most of the vacuoles were empty, some contained amorphous materials and some, in neurones, contained stacks of curved or straight lamellae. It is suggested that the stored material could be an oligosaccharide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 44 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Reference values for common haematological and biochemical tests were established for 64 captive Australian snapper, Pagrus auratus (Bloch & Schneider). Fish were bled from caudal vertebral sinuses after benzocaine anaesthesia. Haematological results were extremely variable for total leucocytes and types of leucocytes. There was no correlation between leucocyte counts and teucocrit values (R2=0·37). Thrombocytes were not determined by direct cell counting due to problem of aggregation. Polychromasia was common but did not correlate with reticulocyte counts (R2=0·08). Biochemical results were extremely variable for creatine kinase and aspartate transaminase but this was considered a direct result of muscle damage during collection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 14 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Circulating blood of eight crocodiles (four Crocodylus porosus [SCHNEIDER], four Crocodylus johnstoni [KREFFT]) was examined by light microscopy, cytochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. The results were correlated and on that basis erythrocytes, thrombocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and three main types of granulocytes were characterized. Erythrocytes, thrombocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes were similar in appearance to those described for other reptiles. In addition, lymphocytes and monocytes had ultrastructural details similar to those described for the cells in man. The three main granulocytes were designated types I, II and III. Type III had characteristics which were similar to those described for the basophil. Types I and II were eosinophilic on blood films stained with Giemsa. On ultrastructural detail, and by comparison with ultrastructural reports for the granulocytes of the fowl and lizard (Agamia stellio), type I appeared to be similar to the heterophil but type II could not be characterized definitely. However, the crystalline array present in granules of type II has been recorded for eosinophil granules in man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 28 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The pancreatic β-cell volume was assessed in 12 clinically normal crossbred dogs using immunohistochemical labelling for insulin and computer-assisted morphometric analysis. The β-cell volume was less in the right lobe compared with the body and left lobe, but the β-cell volume did not differ between the body and the left lobe as reported previously. The use of immunohistochemistry, computer-assisted morphometry, the inclusion here of extra-islet β-cells and the exclusion of non-β-endocrine cells in the investigation of the β-cell volume may have contributed to this discrepancy. As most β-cells form irregularly shaped three-dimensional bodies (islets of Langerhans), the effect of the plane of tissue transection (sagittal, transverse, oblique) on the calculation of the β-cell volume was also examined. The β-cell volume in the sagittal plane of the right lobe was lower than the volume in the oblique plane of the same lobe but was not different from the volume in the transverse plane. However, there were no differences in β-cell volume in different planes in the body or left lobe. When quantifying β-cell volume in health or disease, variation in the volume of β-cells in different locations of the pancreas is an important consideration and the plane of transection may also influence results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 17 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Blood cell appearances and sizes varied little between T. scincoides and T. rugosa. Both mature and immature erythrocytes were present in circulating blood. They were oval and, ultrastructurally, had prominent marginal microtubules. Thrombocytes were oval and often showed vacuolation. On TEM examination they had parallel arrays of microtubules and scattered dense granules. Lymphocytes were small and sometimes difficult to distinguish from thrombocytes. Ultrastructurally, they had few organelles in their cytoplasm. Monocytes were commonly packed with fine azurophilic granules which, ultrastructurally, corresponded to variably-shaped dense granules. Type I granulocytes had eccentric, irregularly shaped nuclei, and cytoplasm which contained many orange-brown oval to round granules. Ultrastructurally, the granules were membrane bound, dense, and round to elongate oval. Type II granulocytes had eccentric, oval to round nuclei and numerous purple red, round to irregularly oval granules. On TEM examination the granules were commonly large, light grey and reticulate, and often contained a variably sized fibrillar rod. Type III granulocytes had a centrally located nucleus and numerous round, purple blue granules. The granules were round and homogeneously dense at the ultrastructural level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 13 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The appearance of haematopoietic cells and the development of haematopoiesis in certain embryonic organs of the cat were studied using light microscopic (cytological smears and paraffin embedded tissues) and transmission electron microscopic methods. Primitive erythropoiesis occurred predominantly in the yolk sac whereas definitive erythropoiesis occurred in the yolk sac, liver, bone marrow and, to a lesser extent, in the spleen. In the yolk sac, erythropoiesis was predominantly intravascular whereas in the liver and bone marrow it was usually extravascular. Granulopoiesis occurred mainly in the liver and bone marrow. In the liver it was predominantly extravascular and occurred around vessels, bile ducts and in perisinusoidal spaces. Megakaryocytopoiesis occurred in the yolk sac, liver, bone marrow and spleen. The megakaryocytic line of cells were similar to those occurring in adult cats except that in the yolk sac unusual small, mononuclear to binuclear thrombocytogenic megakaryocytes were present also.The relative contributions of the embryonic organs of the cat to haematopoiesis were similar to those described for man and certain other mammals but the results for the sites of development and the appearance of early forms in the erythrocytic, granulocytic and megakaryocytic lines varied at times from those reported for man and other mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 10 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Observations on the development of the bovine glomerular filtration barrier, with particular emphasis on the roles of the podocytes and endothelial cells, are presented. For this purpose, tissue from metanephroi of embryos and foetus and from kidneys of adult cows were examined with the transmission electron microscope. It was concluded that the endothelium and podocytes were dependent on one another for differentiation, and that once differentiated, they both contributed to basement membrane production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Comparative clinical pathology 4 (1994), S. 146-151 
    ISSN: 1433-2981
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; Development ; Haematology ; Koala
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Haematology and biochemistry of captive pouch young and back young koalas from 165 days to one year old were studied. Distinct changes with age were observed. Packed cell volume, haemoglobin, erythrocyte count, MCV and total plasma protein where lowest in the youngest animals less than 180 days old. Reticulocytes were highest in this age group. Haematological values differed from those of adult animals. Lymphocytosis occurred, especially between 210–330 days of age. Intense erythropoiesis was indicated by reticulocytosis and the presence of erythrocyte granular inclusions, anisocytosis and poikilocytosis on blood films, particularly up to 330 days of age. Microcytosis present on blood films throughout the study period could not be explained by iron deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Comparative clinical pathology 4 (1994), S. 114-117 
    ISSN: 1433-2981
    Keywords: Haemolytic anaemia ; Heinz bodies ; Koalas ; Regenerative anaemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Heinz body-mediated lysis of erythrocytes was detected in a free-living koala. The anaemia was markedly regenerative and characterised by ghost cells and numerous large Heinz bodies on peripheral blood films. Endogenous and exogenous causes of increased Heinz body formation were considered. The fact that Heinz bodies are also present in the blood of healthy koalas suggests that this species may be particularly susceptible to oxidant damage of haemoglobin in a manner similar to that occurring in the domestic cat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Comparative clinical pathology 3 (1993), S. 225-229 
    ISSN: 1433-2981
    Keywords: Koalas ; Tick infestation ; Regenerative anaemia ; Reticulocytes ; Circulating nucleated erythroid cells ; Erythrocyte granular inclusions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The haematological effects of heavy tick infestation were investigated in eight koalas. In six koalas with uncomplicated tick infestation erythroid regeneration was characterised by enhanced reticulocytosis, increased numbers of circulating nucleated erythroid cells (CNEC) and the occurrence of erythrocyte granular inclusions (EGI). EGI were determined from transmission electron microscopy to be primarily mitochondria with ferruginous micelles between cristae. Recovery from anaemia took 3–5 weeks. Leucocyte changes on recovery were restricted to increased lymphocytes for five and increased eosinophils for four of the six koalas. In the two koalas with underlying disease and tick infestation the anaemia was still characterised by increased levels of CNEC and the presence of EGI but enhanced reticulocytosis was absent or limited. These results suggest that enhanced reticulocytosis is a good indicator of regenerative anaemia in the koala. Enhanced CNEC and EGI may accompany the regenerative response but their presence alone may not be sufficient to indicate regeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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