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  • Informationsübertragung  (2)
  • Enzyminduktion  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Organophosphate Poisoning ; Soman ; DFP ; Enzyme Induction ; Hepatic Enzymes ; Organophosphat-Vergiftung ; Soman ; DFP ; Enzyminduktion ; Leberenzyme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach Somanvergiftung (0,05 mg/kg) von Sprague-Dawley-Ratten stellt sich die ursprüngliche Aktivität der Plasmacholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) deutlich schneller wieder her als bei Vergiftungen mit anderen Alkylphosphaten, wie z. B. Dimethoat, Paraoxon (Erdmann, 1969) oder DFP (1,0 mg/kg). Ursache für dieses Phänomen ist möglicherweise eine stimulierende Wirkung des Soman auf die Enzymbiosynthese in der Rattenleber. Nach Somanapplikation steigt nach anfänglicher Depression die Aktivität der Cholinesterase in Rattenleber in einer überschießenden Reaktion an, während nach DFP-Applikation die Cholinesteraseaktivität in der Leber sich nur langsam restituiert. Der induzierende Effekt des Soman wird besonders deutlich erkennbar bei Enzymen, deren Aktivität durch dieses Alkylphosphat nicht beeinflußt wird. Die Threonin-Dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.16) und die Tryptophanpyrrolase (EC 1.13.1.13) der Leber, zwei Enzyme mit relativ kurzer Halbwertszeit, zeigen wenige Stunden nach Somanapplikation eine Erhöhung ihrer Aktivität auf mehr als das Doppelte. Auf Grund dieser Befunde ist zu schließen, daß Soman einen induktiven Effekt ausübt, der nicht auf die primär stark gehemmte Cholinesterase beschränkt ist, sondern möglicherweise den gesamten Enzymbestand der Leber betrifft.
    Notes: Summary After soman poisoning (0.05 mg/kg) of Sprague-Dawley rats the original activity of the plasma aliesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) is restored much more rapidly than after poisoning caused by other alkylphosphates, e.g. dimethoate, paraoxon (Erdmann, 1969) or DFP (1.0 mg/kg). Possibly this phenomenon is due to a stimulating effect of soman on the enzyme biosynthesis in rat liver. After soman application an initial depression of the activity of cholinesterase in rat liver is followed by an increase of activity which exceeds normal values. After DFP application, however, the activity of cholinesterase in rat liver recovers only gradually. The inductive effect of soman becomes particularly evident with enzymes which are not inhibited by this alkylphosphate. Liver threonine dehydrase (EC 4.2.1.16) and liver tryptophan pyrrolase (EC 1.13.1.12), enzymes with relatively short half-life spans, increase their activity more than twofold within a few hours after the application of soman. From these results it can be concluded that soman has an inductive effect which is not restricted to the directly inhibited cholinesterases but may include all the enzymes occurring in the liver cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 323 (1971), S. 258-264 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Preference Transfer ; Taste Stimuli ; Peptide ; Fish ; Informationsübertragung ; Geschmacksreize ; Peptid ; Fisch
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a shock-free procedure, goldfish were trained to acquire a preference for quinine or acetic acid for which they have an innate repulsion. Recipients of brain extracts taken from trained donors showed a positive reaction to the previously dislike taste quality. The change in reaction was observed between the second and the seventh day after injection. It was not exhibited by recipients of brain extracts prepared from untrained donors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 323 (1971), S. 265-272 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Information Transfer ; Taste Stimuli ; Color Stimuli ; Specifity ; Fish ; Informationsübertragung ; Geschmacksreize ; Farbreize ; Spezifität ; Fische
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the previous paper we showed that injection of brain extracts taken from donors trained to respond to a taste stimulus changed the taste preference of the naive recipients so that they responded like the trained donors. To test the specifity of this effect, we submitted the recipients to various combinations of competing color and taste stimuli. In all situations, the behavior of the recipients was similar to that of the trained donors, suggesting the transfer of highly specific information.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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