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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of opioid receptors in diabetes and hyperglycemia-induced changes in pain threshold in the rat (1987)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 93 (1987), S. 167-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Opioid receptors ; Diabetes ; Hyperglycemia ; Insulin ; Naloxone ; Streptozotocin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The role of opioid receptors in diabetes and hyperglycemia-induced analgesia was studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals maintained under controlled environmental conditions were used in all studies. Pain latency was determined by the hot plate test (55° C) and analgesy-meter force method. The results of these studies indicate that streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals have a significantly higher pain threshold (P〈0.01) than the control groups. The pain threshold was found to be diurnally controlled with a peak at the beginning of the light phase (1000 hours) and a trough at the end of the dark phase (0800 hours). Diabetes-induced analgesia was found to be reversed by both acute or chronic insulin administration. In another study, glucose-induced hyperglycemic rats were found to have a significantly higher pain threshold (P〈0.01) than control animals, with a peak occurring at the beginning of the dark phase (2000 hours), and a trough at the begining of the light phase (0800 hours). The administration of the opioid antagonist naloxone (2 mg/kg) reversed the hyperglycemia and diabetic-induced analgesia. The results of these studies might indicate that analgesia found in diabetic or hyperglycemic animals may be related to the endogenous opioid system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00179928
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ovarian serotonin content in relation to ovulation (1978)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 34 (1978), S. 410-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the mature cyclic female rat, analysis for ovarian serotonin content reveals comparatively high serotonin content. Fluctuation of serotonin content was observed; peak for serotonin was observed at estrus. In gonadotropintreated immature rats, there was no detected ovarian serotonin using this procedure. It was concluded that ovaries from gonadotropin-treated immature rats are physiologically different from ovaries taken from mature cyclic rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01923065
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diurnal rhythm of ethanol metabolism in the rat (1979)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 35 (1979), S. 808-809 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Male Sprague-Dawley rats injected with 2.0 g/kg of ethanol and analyzed 1 h later at 8 specific times of the day showed diurnal rhythms for alcohol concentrations in the blood, urine, brain and liver tissues. The circadian fluctuation noted for the concentrations of blood and tissue ethanol might indicate a diurnal variation in the enzymatic metabolism of ethanol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01968264
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered brain cholinergic enzymes activity in the genetically obese rat (1991)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 47 (1991), S. 833-835 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Choline acetyltransferase ; acetylcholinesterase ; obesity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Genetically obese male Zucker rats (fa/fa) and their lean littermates (Fa/-) were used in this experiment. Fourteen-week-old obese and lean littermates were sacrificed and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes were assayed in specific brain regions. The assays of these enzymes indicate that obese animals and a significantly lower ChAT activity in the cerebellum, pons, and cerebral cortex and a significant increase in ChAT activity in the thalamus and hypothalamus. Meanwhile, the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, midbrain, thalamus and hypothalamus of the obese animals showed significantly higher AChE activity than their lean littermates. It was concluded from this study that obesity may be associated with changes in the enzymes of the brain cholinergic system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01922466
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of stress on choline acetyltransferase activity of the brain and the adrenal of the rat (1992)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 48 (1992), S. 265-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Choline acetyltransferase ; cerebral cortex ; hypothalamus ; hippocampus ; cerebellum ; medulla oblongata ; midbrain ; adrenal gland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity was determined in cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, midbrain and adrenal gland of rats exposed to acute or chronic stress. The exposure of animals to acute immobilization and cold stress (4°C) for one hour resulted in a significant decline of ChAT activity in all brain regions examined except for the medulla oblongata. Moreover, the exposure to acute stress resulted in significant increase of the same enzyme in the adrenal gland. However, chronic exposure of animals to cold stress (4°C) for 7 days resulted in no significant changes of ChAT activity in all tissues examined except for a decline in the midbrain and an increase in the medulla oblongata. The administration of corticosterone (2.0 mg/kg) 1 h prior to sacrificing caused an effect similar to that of acute stress on ChAT activity in all brain regions except for the hypothalamus and the cerebellum. It was concluded from this experiment that stress-induced changes in the ChAT activity of specific brain regions might be mediated by the adrenal steroids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01930471
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The involvement of serotonin in induced ovulation in the immature rat (1979)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 35 (1979), S. 692-694 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMS) treated immature rats the cortex, cerebellum, caudate nucleus and hypothalamus were isolated and analyzed for their serotonin (5-HT) content at 6-h intervals for 72 h. Results showed a general trend of significant variation occurring in days 1 and 3 after PMS injection with no major variations observed on the second day. The results obtained suggest a possible involvement of 5-HT in the control of ovulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01960403
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dexamethasone protection against the acute lethality of ethanol in mice (1980)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 36 (1980), S. 444-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The administration of dexamethasone (DXM, 2.00 mg/kg) 1 h prior to the injection of lethal doses of ethanol was found to offer complete protection against ethanol toxicity at doses up to 5.25 g/kg and partial protection using higher doses. It is suggested that DXM central action might be involved in the protection against ethanol toxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01975138
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain dopamine variations in gonadotropin-treated immature rat (1983)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 39 (1983), S. 215-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cortex, cerebellum, caudate nucleus, and hypothalamus of immature rats treated with pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMS) were isolated and analyzed for dopamine (DA) content at 6-h intervals for 72 h. Results showed that PMS injection caused significant elevation in DA levels in all brain regions studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01958909
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of diabetes on the enzymes of the cholinergic system of the rat brain (1988)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 44 (1988), S. 742-746 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Choline acetyltransferase ; acetylcholinesterase ; brain ; diabetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were determined in several brain regions of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The diabetic rats exhibited significant increase in ChAT activity (p〈0.05) in all brain regions studied except for the cortex and the midbrain. Meanwhile, the diabetes condition was associated with significant increase (p〈0.05) in AChE activity of the bulbus olfactorius, medulla oblongata and cerebellum. These data suggest that uncontrolled diabetes is associated with significant alterations in the brain cholinergic systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01959147
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corticosteroid effects on cholinergic enzymes in ethanol-treated fetal brain cell cultures (1988)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 44 (1988), S. 898-900 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Fetal brain cells ; ethanol ; corticosterone ; dexamethasone ; choline acetyltransferase ; acetylcholinesterase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the presence of ethanol, corticosterone and dexamethasone inhibit choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase activities in cultured fetal brain cells of the rat. These results suggest that corticosteroids may have an important influence on the activity of cholinergic enzymes in the fetal brain and may antagonize the effects of ethanol in this setting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01941195
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