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Transmission electron microscope observations of fibrillar-to-lamellar transformations in melt-drawn polymers — I. Isotactic polypropylene (1984)

Schultz, J. M. ; Petermann, J.

Springer

Colloid & polymer science 262 (1984), S. 294-300

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ISSN: 1435-1536

Keywords: Polypropylene ; Fibrillar Crystals ; Lamellar Crystals ; Morphology ; Transition

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: Abstract The transformation during heat treatment from a fibrillar to a lamellar morphology in highly oriented polypropylene is followed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angle electron scattering (SAES). While the as drawn films exhibit long (up to 1μm) continuous fibrillar crystals, those crystals disintegrate into short crystalline blocks which finally aggregate into a lamellar morphology during the heat treatment. After even longer heat treatment the lamellar crystals start to thicken.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410467

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Rapid mechanical deformation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers at temperatures above the glass transition (1995)

Hristov, H. A. ; Hearle, J. W. S. ; Schultz, J. M. ; [et al.]

Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 125-133

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ISSN: 0887-6266

Keywords: mechanical deformation ; PET ; high-temperature deformation ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics

Notes: The mechanical properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers at temperatures above the glass transition are investigated by means of a specially constructed device. Measurements of the deformation rate and of the “dynamic” stress-strain curves of the fibers are performed in nearly isothermal regime (after initial rapid heating) in a temperature interval 100-200°C. The results reported in the present work demonstrate that the high-temperature mechanical characteristics of rapidly crystallizing polymers can be deduced to a satisfactory precision, while keeping the crystallinity development at low level. Our investigations indicate that if the high-temperature deformation is sufficiently fast, the polymer behavior is similar to the deformation at sub-Tg temperatures. Based on this similarity, a qualitative model of the deformation in the high-temperature region is proposed. The proposed model is fundamentally equivalent to the models describing mechanical deformation of glassy polymers at temperatures below the glass transition. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Additional Material: 9 Ill.