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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 266 (1970), S. 95-100 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Kidney Regeneration ; Temporary Ischaemia ; Folic Acid ; 2,4,5-Triamino 6-Styrylpyrimidine ; RNA and Protein Contents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 267 (1970), S. 297-306 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Folic Acid ; 2,4,5-Triamino-6-styrylpyrimidme ; Pentose Phosphate Pathway ; Enzyme Induction ; Nuclear RNA ; PolsÄure ; 2,4,5-Triamino-6-styrylpyrimidin ; Pentose-Phosphat-Weg ; Fermentinduktion ; Kern-RNS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary After lesions of the proximal tubular cells, the administration of folic acid or 2,4,5-triamino-6-styrylpyrimidine increases the activity of both glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase during the regenerative phase. These increases are greater than those seen after temporary ischemia. Actinomycin and cycloheximide inhibit these processes. The triggering of natural regeneration processes by lesions is evidently enhanced by a chemical induction. The different enzymes are not induced equally during regenertion. This may be concluded from the deviating response of the activity of 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase. The induction of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase demonstratedin vitro also seems to lead to an increased cell metabolismin vivo. After injection of14C-(U)-glucose, the specific activity of the RNA of isolated kidney cell nuclei after the administration of folic acid was 3 to 6 times that of the controls. The blockade of the oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway by 6-AN, which limits the biosynthesis of ribose by selective inhibition of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, reduces the specific activity of the nuclear RNA to 50% in animals treated with folic acid. The accumulation of 6-phosphogluconate in the kidney cells can lead to an inhibition of phosphoglucose isomerase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 284 (1974), S. 383-393 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Folic Acid ; Mercuric Chloride ; Ligation of the Ureter ; Ribonucleotides ; Oxidative Phosphorylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary During the regeneration of the rat kidney after lesion by 500 mg folic acid/kg, the ribonucleotide concentrations (ATP, ADP, AMP, UTP, UDP, GTP, GDP) were determined. After 1, 3, and 7 days no significant changes were found, although 1 and 2 h after injection of folic acid a slight decrease in the concentrations of ATP, AMP, GTP, and UTP was measured. Mitochondria which were isolated from rat kidneys 1 and 4 days after application of folic acid showed an unchanged consumption of O2 and phosphate as compared with the controls. In mitochondria isolated 1 h after folic acid, a sharp decrease in O2-consumption and a complete inhibition of the uptake of inorganic phosphate occurred. However, the incorporation of 32P into ATP under in vivo conditions was not reduced. The unchanged synthesis of energy-rich phosphate compounds explains the rapid onset of the proliferation of the kidney. 24 h after injection of 1.5 mg HgCl2/kg, a fall of approximately 50% in the ATP-concentration was found. In the regenerative phase, only a slight increase in protein content of the kidneys was observed. Ligation of the ureter did not cause a significant drop of energy-rich adenine nucleotides. During the regenerative phase a pronounced increase in the protein content of the kidney was found. The injection of folic acid dissolved in 1 M bicarbonate produced no disturbance of kidney function. No increase of dry weight or of protein content resulted. The accumulation and precipitation of folic acid in the kidney tubules are prerequisites for the initiation of the regenerative processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 262 (1969), S. 228-250 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Folic Acid ; Disturbances of Kidney Functions ; Sodium, Potassium, and Water Balance ; Electron Microscopic Studies ; Folsäure ; Nierenfunktionsstörungen ; Natrium-, Kalium- und Wasser-Bilanz ; elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Einmalige intravenöse Injektion einer hohen Dosis Folsäure führt zu einer Vergrößerung der Nieren von Ratten, bei der auch eine erhebliche Zunahme des Trockengewichtes registriert wurde. Gleichzeitig kommt es zu langanhaltenden Funktionsstörungen der Nieren, die sich im Absinken der glomerulären Filtration und der PAH-Clearance äußern. Unmittelbar nach der Folsäure-Injektion entsteht vorübergehend eine Anurie. Bei der Testung des Elektrolyt- und Wasserhaushaltes durch Aufstellung von Natrium- und Wasser-Bilanzen wurde eine Retention von Natrium und Wasser bis zur 16. Stunde nach der Folsäure-Injektion festgestellt. Die Bilanz war nach 96 Std wieder ausgeglichen. Da die glomeruläre Filtration 4 Tage nach der Folsäure-Injektion noch extrem erniedrigt ist, wird der Ausgleich der Natrium- und Wasser-Bilanz durch eine Reduktion der tubulären Rückgewinnung erzielt. Dies wird auf eine Minderung der Leistungsfähigkeit des regenerierenden Tubulusepithels zurückgeführt. Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen ergaben Schädigungen verschiedener Art, die in den proximalen Tubulusabschnitten besonders deutlich waren. In der Phase der Regeneration wurden neben Neubildungen von Mitochondrien zahlreiche Polysomen als Ausdruck vermehrter Proteinsynthese im Cytoplasma gefunden.
    Notes: Summary A single intravenous injection of a large dose of folic acid causes an enlargement of the kidneys of rats, which is accompanied by a considerable increase of dry weight. Long lasting functional disturbances of the kidneys which become manifest by a decrease of the glomerular filtration and of the PAH-clearance have been observed. A temporary anuria develops immediately after injection of folic acid. Testing the electrolyte and water metabolism by setting up sodium and water balances, a retention of sodium and water was found up to the 16th hour following the injection of folic acid. After 96 hours the balance was equalized. Glomerular filtration being still extremely low 4 days after injection of folic acid, the equalization of the sodium and water balance is obtained by a reduction of tubular reabsorption. This is due to a decreased function of the regenerating tubulus epithelium. Electron microscopic studies showed different kinds of damage which were especially evident in the proximal parts of the tubuli. Regeneration of mitochondria and numerous polysomes, a sign of increased protein synthesis, were observed in the cytoplasm during the phase of regeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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