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  • Fullerenes  (2)
  • Silicon  (2)
  • electrical conductivity  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 1761-1764 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Endohedral ; Barium ; Fullerenes ; Dibarium fullerenes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new route to endohedral fullerenes involving the evaporation of carbon and a metal at different positions, i.e. at different temperatures, in a radio-frequency furnace is described. For the first time, endohedral barium fullerenes within the composition range Ba@C74 to Ba@C136 have been produced in high yields as compared to hollow fullerenes, and have been extracted with CS2. Ba@C60, and Ba@C70, are only soluble in CS2 following sublimation. Furthermore, the first nonlanthanoid dimetallo fullerenes ranging in composition from Ba2@C88 to Ba2@C116 have been obtained. All endohedral barium fullerenes were characterized by mass spectrometry. Properties such as sublimation behaviour, solubility, and sensitivity to air have been studied.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 127 (1994), S. 1213-1218 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Silicon ; Octahedral oxygen coordination ; Phosphorus ; NMR, 1H MAS ; NMR, 29Si MAS ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Simple Route to Silicon in Octahedral Oxygen CoordinationSyntheses and crystal structures of three new compounds Rb2SiP4O13 (1), Cs2H2Si(P2O7)2 (2), and BaH2Si(P2O7)2 (3) containing silicon in an octahedral oxygen coordination are reported. The structures have been determined by X-ray structure analyses. All three compounds are constituted of silicophosphate polyanions. The NMR chemical shifts of silicon and hydrogen are measured.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 621 (1995), S. 201-206 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Ternary oxides ; anionic gold ; Cs3AuO ; Rb3AuO ; K3AuO ; preparation ; single-crystal structure determination ; analysis of molar volumes ; electrical conductivity ; magnetic properties ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ternary Oxides containing Anionic GoldThe preparation and crystal structure of the novel ternary oxides M3AuO (M = Cs, Rb, K) containing anionic gold is reported. Cs3AuO (a = 7.830(1) Å, c = 7.060(1) Å) crystallizes as a hexagonal, Rb3AuO (a = 5.501(1) Å) and K3AuO (a = 5.240(1) Å) as a cubic anti perovskite. Concerning to the ionic description (M+)3Au-O2- in Cs3AuO gold exists as an anion. In Rb3AuO and K3AuO the anionic character of gold decreases respectively. The analysis of bond length and molar volumes gives support to this view, as well as investigations of conductivity and magnetic properties do.
    Notes: Über die Darstellung und Kristallstrukturen der neuen ternären Oxide M3AuO (M = Cs, Rb, K) mit anionischem Gold wird berichtet. Cs3AuO (a = 7,830(1) Å, c = 7,060(1) Å) kristallisiert als hexagonaler, Rb3AuO (a = 5,501(1) Å) und K3AuO (a = 5,240(1) Å) als kubischer anti-Perowskit. Gemäß der Formulierung (M+)3Au-O2- liegt Gold in Cs3AuO als Anion vor. In den Verbindungen der leichteren Alkalimetalle nimmt der anionische Charakter von Gold sukzessiv ab. Die Analyse der Bindungslängen und Molvolumina belegt diese Sichtweise, ebenso die durchgeführten Leitfähigkeitsuntersuchungen und magnetischen Messungen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Ternary oxopalladates ; mixed valent palladium ; high pressure synthesis ; crystal structure ; magnetic properties ; electrical conductivity ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on Structure and Physical Properties of some New Members of the LaPd2O4 FamilyThe new mixed valent oxopalladates MPd2O4 (M = Pr, Nd, Gd, Y) have been synthesized from the binary oxides in presence of a solid oxygen carrier (KClO3) by applying hydrostatic pressure (ca. 2 GPa). According to X-ray investigations these oxides crystallize in space group I 41/a (No. 88) and are isotypic to LaPd2O4 (PrPd2O4: a = 5.8382(2), c = 10.1687(5) Å; NdPd2O4: a = 5.8419(3), c = 10.1949(6) Å; GdPd2O4: a = 5.7799(3), c = 10.0677(8) Å; YPd2O4: a = 5.7359(3), c = 9.9829(8) Å). The crystal structure consists of square planar PdO4 units which are stacked to form columnar arrangements along [1 00] and [0 10], respectively. The PdO4 squares are connected via common corners to a three-dimensional framework. By substitution of Pr3+, Nd3+, Gd3+ and Y3+ for lanthanum the Pd—Pd distances decrease and the electrical conductivities increase. The oxopalladates investigated in this work are black, paramagnetic and semiconducting. At ambient pressure they decompose at temperatures above 880 K into elemental palladium and the binary rare earth oxides.
    Notes: Die neuen gemischtvalenten Oxopalladate MPd2O4 (M = Pr, Nd, Gd, Y) entstehen unter hydrostatischem Druck (ca. 2 GPa) in Anwesenheit eines festen Sauerstoffträgers (KClO3) aus den binären Oxiden. Nach den Einkristallstrukturuntersuchungen bzw. der Rietveld-Verfeinerung an Pulvern kristallisieren die Seltenerdoxopalladate in der tetragonalen Raumgruppe I 41/a (Nr. 88) und sind isotyp mit LaPd2O4 (PrPd2O4: a = 5,8382(2), c = 10,1687(5) Å; NdPd2O4: a = 5,8419(3), c = 10,1949(6) Å; GdPd2O4: a = 5,7799(3), c = 10,0677(8) Å; YPd2O4: a = 5,7359(3), c = 9,9829(8) Å). Die Kristallstruktur enthält quadratisch planare PdO4-Einheiten, die entlang [100] und [0 10] gestapelt und über gemeinsame Ecken zu einem dreidimensionalen Gerüst verknüpft sind. Die Substitution von Lanthan durch die „kleineren“ Ionen Pr3+, Nd3+, Gd3+ und Y3+ führt zu einer Verringerung des Pd—Pd-Abstandes innerhalb der Stapel. Parallel dazu wird eine Zunahme der spezifischen Leitfähigkeit beobachtet. Alle im Rahmen dieser Arbeit untersuchten Oxopalladate zeigen eine für Halbleiter typische Widerstandscharakteristik und sind paramagnetisch. Sie zersetzen sich unter Atmosphärendruck bei Temperaturen oberhalb 880 K zu elementarem Palladium und den binären Seltenerdoxiden.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 621 (1995), S. 689-693 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Fullerenes ; endohedral metallofullerenes ; preparation ; thermodynamics of formation ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Formation of Fullerenes and Endohedral Metallofullerenes: Preparation in a Radiofrequency FurnaceA thermodynamic analysis of the reaction of formation is presented for C60. The alternative route for the preparation of fullerenes by evaporating carbon in a RF-furnace is described. This process is characterized by its broad variability and by comparatively mild conditions which, in addition, may be measured and controlled rather precisely. Thus, it offers favorite facilities for the production of soots with high contents of fullerenes and endohedral fullerenes. So far, LaC82 could be extracted using toluene.
    Notes: Eine thermodynamische Analyse der Bildungsreaktion von C60 wird gegeben und die Darstellung von Fullerenen im Hochfrequenzofen beschrieben. Dieses neue Verfahren zeichnet sich durch eine hohe Variabilität und vergleichsweise schonende Bedingungen aus, die gut meß- und kontrollierbar sind. Es bietet daher günstige Voraussetzungen zur Herstellung von Rußen mit gesteigerten Anteilen höherer Fullerene und, im Falle von Coverdampfungen, endohedraler Metallofullerene. Bisher konnte in Toluolextrakten LaC82 nachgewiesen werden.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 36 (1997), S. 328-343 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: boron ; ceramics ; nitrides ; polymers ; silicon ; Boron ; Ceramics ; Nitrides ; Polymers ; Silicon ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Materials research is an interdisciplinary field in which engineers and physical scientists work together. Since the major binary oxides, nitrides, and carbides, which are currently used as high-performance ceramics, were discovered in the last century, the role of chemistry in the development of materials has become barely noticeable. This has changed only in the recent past as, for example, purity and defined morphology of starting powders were recognized as crucial parameters for enhancing the reliability of ceramic workpieces. While the application of chemical methods led to gradual-though significant-improvements, the true potential of chemistry lies rather in the exploitation of new chemical systems and the development of new preparative routes to already known materials. Such an approach is the preparation of ceramics from molecular or polymeric precursors. Herein we survey the most important contributions to those preparative routes starting from the pioneering work in the 1960s and the 1970s; a certain emphasis is placed on the concepts that we have applied to the preparation of multinary, nonoxide materials and amorphous inorganic networks. The name “amorphous high-performance ceramics” is in fact a contradiction in terms. Such materials are thermodynamically unstable with respect to the transformation or decomposition to crystalline phases, thus excluding their application in sensitive areas at high temperatures. However, the selection of element combinations for which the binding energies are derived from strong, local covalent bonds and which are therefore less dependent on a long-range crystalline order, can yield amorphous materials of remarkable thermal and mechanical durability. This is exemplified by novel quaternary ceramics in the Si/B/N/C system, for which an efficient synthesis, starting from raw materials suitable for industrial production, has been developed. For instance, a material of the composition SiBN3C remains amorphous up to 1900°C, which is unique, and, with respect to oxidation, is the most stable nonoxide ceramic known to date. Another advantage of this in several respects unsurpassed material is the simple way, in which the viscosity of the polymeric precursors can be adjusted to various methods of shaping. So far infiltrations and coatings have been realized. Most developed is the preparation of fibers, which in terms of their performance characteristics are significantly better than those currently available.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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