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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Opioid mechanisms involved in the slow potential change and neuronal refractoriness during cortical spreading depression (1987)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 69 (1987), S. 113-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Slow potential change ; Spreading depression ; Cortex ; Naloxone ; Electroconvulsant shock ; Microiontophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The slow potential change (spc) accompanying spreading depression (SD) was studied in rats and in a seizure-sensitive strain of Mongolian gerbil under three different experimental paradigms, each involving the use of naloxone. Gerbils undergoing electroconvulsive shock treatment displayed SD during the post-ictal phase, which was blocked by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of naloxone (20–50 mg kg-1). Topical application of naloxone to the exposed cortex of the anaesthetized gerbil and rat blocked the spc of SD evoked by KCl. Microiontophoretic ejection of naloxone during extracellular recordings reversed cell refractoriness following the spc, demonstrated by the observation of a maintained sensitivity to iontophoretic pulses of glutamate. The results suggest a possible involvement of naloxone-sensitive processes in the mechanism responsible for cortical SD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00247034
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Out of Africa and back again (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of anthropology 15 (2000), S. 185-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1824-3096
    Keywords: H. erectus ; H. ergaster ; artefacts ; migrations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract If the genusHomo did indeed originate in Africa, then it must have spread by about 2 m.y. ago into Asia where it is represented at 1.8 m.y. ago byHomo erectus fossils. This latter species in turn eventually spread back into Africa, as indicated by the 1.4 m.y. old OH 9 calvaria from Olduvai, and into Europe, as indicated by the 800,000 year old Ceprano calvaria from Italy. These hominids are associated only with Oldowan style artefacts of cores, choppers and flakes and were apparently not conversant with Acheulean handaxe technology. It seems that they most probably evolved viaHomo heidelbergensis into the Neanderthals. Meanwhile, a completely separate development originating withHomo ergaster of about 1.7 m.y. ago in Africa and possessing Acheulean handaxe technology evolved via such forms as Ndutu and Steinheim intoHomo sapiens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02445133
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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