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  • twins  (5)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (4)
  • Homosexuality  (2)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A source of variance in IQ unique to the lower-scoring monozygotic (MZ) cotwin (1986)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 16 (1986), S. 509-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: twins ; heritability ; environment ; intelligence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Environmental factors more common in twins than singletons appear to be disadvantageous with respect to intelligence. If these factors contribute to within-pair differences in IQ, the effect should be found more in the cotwin lower in IQ (the low twin) than in the cotwin higher in IQ (the high twin). In this case, the variance of the low twins should exceed that of the high twins. This hypothesis was tested for five samples of monozygotic (MZ) twins and three samples of dizygotic (DZ) twins but was confirmed only for the MZ samples. These results suggest that there are disadvantageous environmental factors unique to MZ twins which contribute to within-pair variability. Such factors will cause heritability coefficients obtained using MZ twins to be underestimated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066337
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimating true scores in kinship data (1987)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 17 (1987), S. 487-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: true scores ; measurement error ; kinship data ; twins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Estimated true scores are occasionally used to provide an estimate of scores which would be obtained if measurement error could be removed from fallible measures. When one knows only a test's relibility and an observed score for each subject, true scores are estimated by regressing observed scores toward the group mean. When relatives' observed scores are also available, estimates of true scores can be improved by using the additional information. Observed scores of subjects and relatives can be used as predictors of subjects' true scores in a multiple regression. The resulting formula is presented for the case in which only one relative's score per subject is known. Estimation of true scores for the general case ofN relatives per subject is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01073115
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Familiality of female and male homosexuality (1993)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 23 (1993), S. 313-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Homosexuality ; sexual orientation ; familiality ; environment ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract We examined data from a large cohort of homosexual and heterosexual females and males concerning their siblings' sexual orientations. As in previous studies, both male and female homosexuality were familial. Homosexual females had an excess of homosexual brothers compared to heteroxual subjects, thus providing evidence that similar familial factors influence both male and female homosexuality. Furthermore, despite the large sample size, homosexual females and males did not differ significantly from each other in their proportions of either homosexual sisters or homosexual brothers. Thus, results were most consistent with the possibility that similar familial factors influence male and female sexual orientation. However, because results conflicted with those of some other studies, and because siblings' sexual orientations were obtained in a manner likely to yield more errors than in these other, smaller studies, further work is needed using large samples and more careful methods before the degree of cofamiliality of male and female homosexuality can be resolved definitively. We also examined whether some parental influences comprised shared environmental effects on sexual orientation. Scales attempting to measure such influences failed to distinguish subjects with homosexual siblings from subjects with only heterosexual siblings and, thus, did not appear to measure shared environmental determinants of sexual orientation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01067431
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sexual orientation, sexual identity, and sex-dimorphic behaviors in male twins (1991)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 21 (1991), S. 75-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: sexual orientation ; twins ; heritability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Sexual orientation, sexual identity, and sex-dimorphic behaviors were assessed concurrently and retrospectively, for childhood, in 95 pairs of male monozygotic (MZ) twins and 63 pairs of dizygotic (DZ) twins. There was a significantly higher rate of adult homosexuality among the MZ than among DZ twins. We employed a model-fitting approach using LISREL to test for genetic and environmental influences on variation for each trait singly and on the covariation among all six traits (three for childhood and three for adulthood). Univariate analyses confirmed the presence of familial factors for five of the six variables but were generally unable to distinguish shared environmental from genetic influences. Hierarchial tests of multivariate models supported the existence of an additive genetic factor contributing to the covariance among the variables. More restrictive multivariate models yielded a significant genetic influence on sexual orientation. Because of the different rates of orientation by zygosity and because of the restrictive nature of some of the multivariate models, our results are best considered tentative but do suggest that further biometrically oriented studies of sexual orientation and its correlates would be worthwhile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01067668
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incremental modification of styrene-butadiene rubber with tert-dodecyl mercaptan (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 5 (1961), S. 116-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The molecular weights and molecular weight distribution of a styrene-butadiene rubber produced at 5°C. according to an incrementally modified recipe with tert-dodecyl mercaptan modifier, do not differ significantly from those of similar conventionally modified rubbers. The limiting effect of diffusion upon the mass transfer of mercaptan in the system provides a consistent explanation of this finding.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051318
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased heritability for lower IQ levels? (1991)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 21 (1991), S. 397-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: twins ; heritability ; environment ; intelligence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Dettermanet al. (1990) presented evidence based on twins that the heritability of IQ may be higher in the lower part of the IQ range. We first offer an alternative test for differential heritability across the IQ range, based on the analysis of absolute intrapair differences of monozygotic versus dizygotic twins. We then review two previous studies, each containing more twins than the sample of Dettermanea al., which examined the distribution of intrapair absolute differences. In contrast to the study of Dettermanet al., both yielded results more compatible with higher heritability in the upper range of IQ. We discuss various interpretations of these findings and show how our proposed test might aid in distinguishing among them.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01065975
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement Models for Sexual Orientation in a Community Twin Sample (2000)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 30 (2000), S. 345-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Homosexuality ; sexual orientation ; heritability ; twins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Multivariate structural equation modeling techniques have been applied to examine the causes of individual differences in responses to several items concerning sexual orientation. To minimize potential ascertainment and response biases, the study sample involved a large (N = 4901) community-based cohort of Australian twins aged 18–52 who answered an anonymous questionnaire on sexual behavior and attitudes. The statistical power of the analysis was increased by the availability of multiple measures of sexual orientation (behaviors, attitudes and feelings), providing stronger evidence for the existence of additive genetic influences on this phenotype than in a previous analysis (Bailey et al., 2000). Estimates of the heritability of homosexuality in this sample ranged between 50 and 60% in females but were significantly lower (heritability of approximately 30%) in males.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026557719181
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent advances in free radical ring-opening polymerizationInvited Lecture at the 31st IUPAC Macromolecular Symposium, June 30th-July 4th, 1987, in Merseburg, German Democratic Republic (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 39 (1988), S. 335-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Durch die Synthese von cyclischen Acrylaten wurde eine Reihe von Monomeren erhalten, die hohe Reaktivitäten der Copolymerisation bei gleichzeitiger Fähigkeit zur radikalischen Ringöffnungspolymerisation aufweisen. Sie wurden polymerisiert, um einen Pyruvatester in die Polymerkette einzuführen. Eine Reihe von Spiromethylencyclohexadienen wurde hergestellt, um neben der Carbonylgruppe und gespannten Ringen weitere Gruppen zu finden, die die radikalische Ringöffnungspolymerisation fördern. Bei ihrer Polymerisation wurden Polymere mit einer p-Phenylengruppe in der Kette erhalten.
    Notes: In order to find a series of monomers with high reactivities in copolymerization and still undergo free radical ringopening polymerization, a series of cyclic acrylates were synthesized and polymerized to insert a pyruvate ester into the backbone of the polymer. In order to discover groups other than the carbonyl groups and strained rings that would promote free radical ring-opening polymerization, a series of spiro methylenecyclohexadienes were prepared and polymerized to give a polymer with a p-phenylene group in the backbone.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1988.010390702
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ueber 3-Oxy-5-alkyltriazol-l-propionsäuren (1900)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 33 (1900), S. 1520-1537 
    Details
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19000330220
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Entschweflung der Thiohydantoine (1908)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 41 (1908), S. 2494-2505 
    Details
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.190804102169
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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