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  • In situ stresses  (1)
  • boundary conditions.  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the state of stress in the near-surface of the earth's crust (1992)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 138 (1992), S. 207-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: In situ stresses ; crustal strain ; gravity ; plastic flow ; viscoelasticity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Five models for near-surface crustal stresses induced by gravity and horizontal deformation and the influence of rock property contrasts, rock strength, and stress relaxation on these stresses are presented. Three of the models—the lateral constraint model, the model for crustal stresses caused by horizontal deformation, and the model for the effects of anisotropy—are linearly elastic. The other two models assume that crustal rocks are brittle or viscoelastic in order to account for the effects of rock strength and time on near-surface stresses. It is shown that the lateral constraint model is simply a special case of the combined gravity-and deformation-induced stress field when horizontal strains vanish and that the inclusion of the effect of rock anisotropy in the solution for crustal stresses caused by gravity and horizontal deformation broadens the range for predicted stresses. It is also shown that when stress levels in the crust reach the limits of brittle rock strength, these stresses become independent of strain rates and that stress relaxation in ductile crustal rocks subject to constant horizontal strain rates causes horizontal stresses to become independent of time in the long term.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00878896
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applicability of existing models to predict the behavior of replicas of natural fractures of welded tuff under different boundary conditions (1998)
    Springer
    Geotechnical and geological engineering 16 (1998), S. 79-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1529
    Keywords: joint ; fracture ; constitutive modeling ; shear test ; boundary conditions.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Assessing the shear behavior of intact rock and rock fractures is an important issue in the design of a potential nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Cyclic direct shear experiments were conducted on replicas of three natural fractures and a laboratory-developed tensile fracture of welded tuff. The tests were carried out under constant normal loads or constant normal stiffnesses with different initial normal load levels. Each test consisted of five cycles of forward and reverse shear motion. In this paper, the results of the constant normal load shear experiments are analyzed using several constitutive models proposed in the rock mechanics literature for joint shear strength, dilatancy, and joint surface damage. It is shown that some of the existing models have limitations. New constitutive models are proposed and are included in a mathematical analysis tool that can be used to predict joint behavior under various boundary conditions. © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008886106337
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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