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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 60 (1982), S. 1363-1368 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Serum trypsin ; Evocative test ; Exocrine pancreas ; Serumtrypsin ; Pankreasevokationstest
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die basalen Serumkonzentrationen von Trypsin und Amylase sind von geringer Aussagekraft für die Funktion des exokrinen Pankreas. Nach Sekretin-Stimulation ist ein signifikanter Unterschied in der Reaktionskinetik von Serum-Trypsin und -Amylase feststellbar, wahrscheinlich aufgrund der erheblichen Molekularge-wichtsdifferenz (21,000 vs 52,000 Daltons) beider Enzyme. Bei Personen mit unauffälligem Sekretin-Pankreozymin-Test steigt Trypsin im Serum in etwa 70% der Fälle poststimulatorisch an, während die Serumamylase unverändert bleibt. Bei mäßiger exkretorischer Insuffizienz ist der Trypsinanstieg reduziert und bei schwerer Insuffizienz in der Regel aufgehoben. Basal und poststimulatorisch niedriges Trypsin bestätigen in 93% der Fälle das Ergebnis einer schweren und in 54% der Fälle das einer leichten Pankreasfunktionseinschränkung im SP-Test. Bei Diabetes mellitus mit basal niedrigem Serum-Trypsin kann durch Sekretinevokation eine exkretorische Insuffizienz ausgeschlossen werden. Das poststimulatorische Verhalten der Serumamylase läßt keinen eindeutigen Funktionsbezug erkennen. Die unterschiedliche Serumkinetik von Trypsin und Amylase läßt vermuten, daß Trypsin im Serum primär duktulärer Genese und Pankreasenzyme von der Größe der Amylase primär azinärer Genese sind.
    Notes: Summary The diagnostic value of basal serum trypsin and amylase values in the assessment of pancreatic exocrine function is limited. Secretin injection evokes a significantly different response in the serum kinetics of trypsin and amylase, due probably to their difference in molecular weight (21,000 vs 52,000 Daltons). Serum trypsin increases in 70% of people with normal secretin-pancreocymin test after stimulation with secretin, whereas amylase remains unchanged. The post-stimulatory rise in trypsin is lower in mild exocrine insufficiency and almost completely abolished in severe exocrine insufficiency. The diagnosis of severe exocrine insufficiency is confirmed in 93% and that of mild insufficiency in 54% by low basal and post-stimulatory levels of serum trypsin. In diabetics with low basal values the post-stimulatory rise in serum trypsin confirmed normal pancreatic function. The poststimulatory kinetics of serum amylase shows no clear correlation to pancreatic function. From the divergent serum kinetics of trypsin and amylase it may be concluded that trypsin is primarily of ductular and amylase primarily of acinar origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Sulfonylurea ; Insulin therapy ; Diabetes mellitus ; Insulin receptor ; Monocytes ; Erythrocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recently in vitro evidence has been presented that sulfonylurea derivatives exert their chronic extrapancreatic effect by increasing the number of cellular insulin receptors. To ascertain if this receptor effect holds in vivo, we performed a randomized double-blind study on 21 type I (0.3 ng/ml residual C-peptide secretory capacity after glucose/glibenclamide stimulation), and on 19 insulin treated type II (2.0 ng/ml C-peptide) diabetics. The patients received for six weeks 10 mg/d of glibenclamide in addition to insulin. Insulin binding was initially lower in type II (4.7±0.75% per 107 monocytes and 6.39±1.08% per 4.5×109 erythrocytes) than in type I diabetic patients (5.1±0.48% and 7.95±0.88% respectively) and in 12 normal subjects (5.25±0.48 and 8.1±0.94% respectively). Glibenclamide normalized the number of monocyte receptors (from 4.14 to 5.49×104 sites/cell) in type II patients, but was without effect in type I diabetics. Blood glucose was significantly reduced (240 to 182 mg/dl;p=0.02) in the type II group with a concomitant decrease in glycosylated hemoglobin from 12.4 to 10.5% (p=0.01). Most of the effect occured during the first week of treatment. Glibenclamide was the more effective the worse the initial metabolic state (r=−0.93;p=0.001). Erythrocyte insulin receptors decreased markedly in both groups, perhaps due to a sulfonyl urea-induced change in erythrocyte plasma survival time. It is concluded that sulfonylurea treatment is a valuable adjunct in reducing the insulin resistance in insulin treated type II diabetics. The effect depends on the availability of endogenous insulin, thus exhibiting only partly extrapancreatic character. The receptor effect in the type II patients may be secondary to the metabolic improvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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