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  • Interstitial nephritis  (1)
  • Lipoprotein-X  (1)
  • intraocular fluids  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Lipoprotein-X ; γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase ; Biliary atresia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract As simple and nonsurgical means of differentiating biliary atresia (BA) from intrahepatic cholestasis of unknown origin (IC), liver function tests including serum lipoprotein-X (LP-X) and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTP) were done and evaluated for their usefulness in the diagnosis of 27 cholestatic Japanese young infants. Except for LP-X and GGTP levels (P〈0.01, P〈0.001), there were no significant differences between the BA (n=11) and IC (n=13) groups. When values of mean plus 4 standard deviations were used to differentiate BA from IC (89 mg/100 ml for LP-X and 194 IU/l for GGTP), all BA patients gave positive results for either the crtical LP-X of GGTP values. On the other hand, all IC patients gave negative results for both levels, although patients with a paucity of intrahepatic biliary ducts (n=3) were also positive for either the critical LP-X or GGTP values. The combination test with serum LP-X and GGTP is recommended for helping to differntiate BA from IC in cholestatic young infants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Phenobarbital ; Interstitial nephritis ; Toxic hepatitis ; Exfoliative dermatitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Severe exfoliative dermatitis and liver dysfunction developed in a 5-year-old girl 3 weeks after initiation of phenobarbital therapy. Liver function improved gradually after discontinuation of phenobarbital. During the convalescent stage an initially mild renal dysfunction was exacerbated by episodes of post-transfusion haemolysis. Liver biopsy revealed moderate parenchymal damage with subacute cellular infiltration. Renal biopsy demonstrated the cardinal findings of interstitial nephritis, excluding the possibility of acute tubular necrosis caused by haemolysis. Serial lymphocyte transformation studies and skin patch tests gave positive results for phenobarbital, supporting the view that these were unusual complications of phenobarbital hypersensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-2622
    Keywords: adaptation ; aqueous humor ; electroretinogram ; intraocular fluids ; osmolarity ; vitreous humor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In experiments by Yoneyama et al. (1985) a hypertonic perfusing solution was used to record the c-wave from the isolated chick retina. We investigated whether the chick retina was surrounded by such hypertonic liquids. The following results were found: (1) the osmolarity of the subchoroidal humor was markedly higher than that of fluids from other areas of the eye; (2) the relative difference in osmolarity between both sides of the retina was 110–170 mOsmol in the light-adapted condition, whereas it was about 270 mOsmol in the dark-adapted condition; and (3) in the dark-adapted state the volume of the subchoroidal humor decreased about 40% but increased in osmolarity about 30–40%, whereas osmolarity of the subviteous humor decreased about 15–20 mOsmol. Results suggest the presence of an inward-directed pump mechanism for watersoluble components in the retina in addition to the proposed outward-directed pump mechanism of the pigment epithelium. The inward-directed pump may be more active in the dark-adapted state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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