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  • Key words: Adenoma — Rectal cancer — Pelvic peritoneal reflection — Endorectal ultrasound  (1)
  • Vater-Pacini-Tastkörperchen.  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of the peritoneal reflection in the pelvis by endorectal ultrasound (1998)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 12 (1998), S. 1401-1404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Adenoma — Rectal cancer — Pelvic peritoneal reflection — Endorectal ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Large adenomas and low-risk rectal carcinomas (T1) that are localized distal of the pelvic peritoneal reflection (PPR) are treated by transanal excision. However, the location of the PPR varies widely and cannot be detected reliably by preoperative methods. Therefore, we evaluated the value of endorectal ultrasound (EUS) for the prediction of an intraperitoneal location of rectal tumors. Methods: Fourteen patients with rectal tumors measuring ≤15 cm from the anal verge were examined by EUS. If peristalsis beyond the rectal wall or any intraperitoneal fluid was seen at the proximal tumor edge, the lesion was classified as localized above or in the level of the PPR. During the operation, the surgeon determined whether the upper end of the tumor reached the PPR. Results: In each of our 14 patients, the prediction by EUS was correct. In two patients, a small rectal tumor was excised with an electric sling during rectoscopy, but the polyp bases were not free of dysplastic epithelial tissue. The point where these two polyps were removed could be visualized by endoscopy but not by EUS. Once the relevant area was marked with a titanic endoclip, EUS was able to predict the resection place in relation to the PPR in these two patients as well. Conclusions: Although this knowledge would be very important for the therapeutic strategy of small rectal tumors, it is impossible to determine the location of a rectal tumor with regard to the PPR either clinically or by endoscopy. EUS provides this information with high reliability. Thus, we recommend EUS as the method of choice for predicting the location of the PPR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900868
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der longitudinale Muskel des Analkanals The anal longitudinal muscle (1997)
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 68 (1997), S. 1281-1285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Conjoint longitudinal muscle ; Anal canal ; Continence ; Ganglionic cells ; Vater-Pacinian corpuscles. ; Schlüsselwörter: Longitudinaler Muskel ; Analkanal ; Kontinenz ; Ganglienzellen ; Vater-Pacini-Tastkörperchen.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Der longitudinale Muskel stellt eine kräftige musculäre Struktur des Analkanals zwischen M. sphincter ani internus und externus dar. Fasern dieses Muskels finden sich als M. canalis ani in der Submukosa des Analkanals und als M. corrugator ani durchdringen sie den subcutanen Anteil des M. sphincter ani externus. Somit verbindet dieser Muskel die willkürlichen und unwillkürlichen Anteile des analen Kontinenzorgans. Histologisch finden sich Ganglienzellen und Vater-Pacini-Tastkörperchen. Die hierdurch nachgewiesene Innervation des Muskels sichert seine funktionelle Bedeutung im Zusammenspiel des analen Schlußapparats. Morphologie, Histologie und Topographie des Muskels legen eine zentrale Bedeutung für die anorectale Kontinenz nahe. Zum Verständnis der Physiologie und Pathophysiologie des analen Kontinenzorgans ist eine Erarbeitung der funktionellen Bedeutung des longitudinalen Muskels unumgänglich.
    Notes: Summary. The longitudinal muscle (LM) represents a strong muscular structure of the anal canal situated between the internal (IAS) and the external anal sphincter (EAS). Terminal fibres of this muscle insert at the submucosa of the anal canal, representing the m. canalis ani. Others cross the subcutaneous part of the EAS to become the m. corrugator ani. Thus, the LM connects the visceral and somatic parts of the anal sphincter complex. Histologically ganglionic cells and as Vater-Pacinian corpuscles can be identified inside the LM. Morphology, topography and histology of the LM suggest that this muscle participates in maintaining anorectal continence. It is mandatory that the exact functions of this muscular structure be to elaborated upon, if we are to understand the mechanism of anorectal continence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001040050360
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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