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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro expansion and analysis of T lymphocyte microcultures obtained from the vaccination sites of cancer patients undergoing active specific immunization with autologous Newcastle-disease-virus-modified tumour cells (1993)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 37 (1993), S. 240-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Active specific immunization ; NDV-modified tumour cells ; Microcultures ; Tumour vaccines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to understand further the effects of Newcastle-disease-virus(NDV)-modified tumour vaccines we investigated the feasibility of isolating lymphocytes from the site of injection of patients undergoing postoperative active specific immunization (ASI) with autologous NDV-modified tumour cells. Delayed-type-hypersensitivity(DTH)-like reactions from five cancer patients were surgically removed, minced and the tissue particles were digested with collagenase and DNase. Lymphoid cells recovered were expanded in a highly efficient limiting-dilution analysis system optimized for T cell growth [Moretta et al. (1983) J Exp Med 157: 743] and lymphocyte microcultures (clonal probability 〉0.8) could be grown for up to 1 year. Analysis of the microcultures for phenotype and function showed that the majority were positive for CD4 (92%) and TCRαβ (96%). Concanavalin-A-induced production of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, interferon γ and tumour necrosis factor α was detected in more than 70% of the microcultures. Lectin-dependent cytotoxicity was only very rarely observed. The general characteristics of the microcultures obtained support the notion of a DTH-like reaction taking place at the site of tumour cell challenge. The possibility of in vitro expansion and cultivation of T lymphocytes from ASI vaccination sites should help to elucidate further the role of these cells in active specific immunization against autologous tumour cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01518517
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of ethanol from mannitol by Zymobacter palmae (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 24 (2000), S. 51-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: Zymobacter palmae; mannitol; ethanol; biofuel; seaweed
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Extracts from brown seaweeds could possibly be fermented to ethanol, particularly seaweeds harvested in the autumn, which contain high levels of easily extractable laminaran and mannitol. Few microorganisms are able to utilise mannitol as a substrate for ethanol production and Zymobacter palmae was tested for this purpose. Bacterial growth as well as ethanol yield depended on the amount of oxygen present. Strictly anaerobic growth on mannitol was not observed. At excessive aeration, a change in the fermentation pattern was observed with high production of acetate and propionate. Under oxygen-limiting conditions, the bacteria grew and produced ethanol in a synthetic mannitol medium with a yield of 0.38 g ethanol (g mannitol)−1. Z. palmae was also successfully applied for fermentation of mannitol from Laminaria hyperborea extracts. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 24, 51–57.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900771
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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