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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 110 (1997), S. 18-21 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Key words Proteinase inhibitors ; Fibronectin ; Lysozyme ; Immunohistochemistry ; Autolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract The influence of postmortem damage of tissues on the immunohistochemical diagnosis of wound age has not as yet been clarified. We utilized antibodies against the proteinase inhibitors α-1-antichymotrypsin and α-2-macroglobulin, fibronectin and lysozyme to study samples of skin which had been intact intravitally, but were damaged postmortem either by autolysis or compression with a surgical clamp at the time of dissection. Even in the absence of autolysis, antibodies against the proteinase inhibitors and fibronectin exhibited staining of tissue margins. Autolysis caused an increase in false positive results. In contrast, antibodies against lysozyme did not give false positive staining. There were no antigens sensitive to postmortem clamping and false positive results were not observed. Antibodies against proteinase inhibitors are not useful for the diagnosis of wound age because of a high number of false positive reactions in marginal areas. Fibronectin also showed false positive band-shaped staining patterns at the tissue margin. In addition, autolytic processes increase the number of false positives. The antibody against lysozyme is much less sensitive to autolysis and no false positive reactions were observed in our series of tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 110 (1997), S. 18-21 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Proteinase inhibitors ; Fibronectin ; Lysozyme ; Immunohistochemistry ; Autolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract The influence of postmortem damage of tissues on the immunohistochemical diagnosis of wound age has not as yet been clarified. We utilized antibodies against the proteinase inhibitors α-1-antichymotrypsin and α-2-macroglobulin, fibronectin and lysozyme to study samples of skin which had been intact intravitally, but were damaged postmortem either by autolysis or compression with a surgical clamp at the time of dissection. Even in the absence of autolysis, antibodies against the proteinase inhibitors and fibronectin exhibited staining of tissue margins. Autolysis caused an increase in false positive results. In contrast, antibodies against lysozyme did not give false positive staining. There were no antigens sensitive to postmortem clamping and false positive results were not observed. Antibodies against proteinase inhibitors are not useful for the diagnosis of wound age because of a high number of false positive reactions in marginal areas. Fibronectin also showed false positive band-shaped staining patterns at the tissue margin. In addition, autolytic processes increase the number of false positives. The antibody against lysozyme is much less sensitive to autolysis and no false positive reactions were observed in our series of tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 107 (1994), S. 29-33 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin ; Alpha-2-macroglobulin ; Lysozyme ; Immunohistochemistry Wound age ; Alpha-1-Antichymotrypsin ; Alpha-2-Makroglobulin ; Lysozym ; Immunhistochemie Wundalter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Verteilung der Proteinasehemmer alpha-1-Antichymotrypsin (α-1-ACT) and alpha-2-Makroglobulin (α-2-M) sowie die Verteilung von Lysozym wurde in 27 intravitalen Hautwunden, drei postmortalen Hautwunden und in neun Entnahmen unverletzter Haut immunhistochemisch untersucht. Die intravitalen Wundränder zeigten mit allen untersuchten Antikörpern deutliche positive Reaktionen (α-1-ACT 66,6%; α-2-M 51,9%; Lysozym 25,9%). Der gegenüberliegende, vital unverletzte Hautrand wies jedoch bei diesen Entnahmen ebenfalls häufig schwache Reaktionen auf (α-1-ACT 51,8%; α-2-M 37,0%; Lysozym 25,9%). In nicht wenigen Fällen war diese Reaktion jedoch so stark, daß der vital unverletzte und erst durch die Hautprobenentnahme postmortal entstandene Schnittrand von der vital entstandenen Wunde nicht zu unterscheiden war (α-1-act 22,2%; α-2-M 29,6%, Lysozym 59,2%). In den Kontrollfällen (Entnahmen unverletzter Haut) fanden sich mit allen drei Antikörpern in nahezu der Hälfte der Fälle geringe positive Reationen, die jedoch aufgrund der Intensität nicht mit deutlich positiv reagierenden Hautwunden verwechselt werden konnten. Als Ursache der falsch positiven Farbreaktionen kommen artefizielle Verunreinigungen infolge Kontakts mit Serumbestandteilen, fortgeschrittene Autolyse des Präparates, Einflüsse der Fixierung und Vertrocknungen der Hautränder in Betracht. Die immunhistochemische Untersuchung von α-1-ACT, α-2-M und Lysozym ergibt zwar häufig Hinweis auf Vitalität einer Wunde, kann diese jedoch nicht beweisen, da eine sichere Differenzierung von richtig- bzw. falsch-positiven Reaktionen nicht in allen Fällen gelingt.
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of the proteinase inhibitors alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (α1-act), alpha-2-macroglobulin ((α-2-m) and lysozyme was analysed immunohistochemically in 27 intravitally acquired wounds, 3 postmortem skin lacerations and 9 specimens of undamaged skin. Intravitally acquired wounds demonstrated distinct positive reactions for all antibodies examined (α-1-act 66.6%; α-2-m 51.9%; lysozyme 25.9%). However the undamaged skin margins opposite the wound margins also gave positive reactions (a-l-act 51.8%; (α-2-m 37.0%; lysozyme 25.9%). Nearly half of the control cases (specimens of undamaged skin) exhibited weak positive reactions for all 3 antibodies. These could be easily distinguished from the strong positive reactions observed in intravitally acquired wounds. False positive reactions were observed due to contamination resulting from contact with serum components, in cases of advanced autolysis of specimens, and as a result of fixation and drying artefacts. Even though immunohistochemical studies of α-1-act, (α-2-m and lysozyme give some indications concerning wound vitality, they cannot be considered as proof because irrefutable differentiation of true positive and false positive reactions is not possible in all cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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