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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Endovasculäre Brachytherapie ; Rezidivstenosen ; PTA ; Vaskuläre Stents ; Key words Endoluminal irradiation ; Recurrent stenosis ; PTA ; Stent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Purpose: Recurrent stenosis after PTA is caused by intimal hyperplasia and constrictive arterial remodeling. In experimental and first clinical studies, ionizing radiation has demonstrated its potential to control excessive intimal proliferation. We wanted to evaluate the safety, feasibility and efficacy of endoluminal irradiation after PTA and/or stent implantation. Material and methods: From September 1996, 24 patients (24 lesions) who had a stenosis or occlusion measuring more than 5 cm in length in the superficial femoral artery or a restenosis after PTA underwent endoluminal irradiation. An isodose of 14 Gy was applied to the vessel wall using an Ir-192-HDR afterloading unit. The radiation was tolerated well; the additional time needed for the procedure was 30–45 min. Results: In a mean follow-up time of 15 months we found a cumulative patency rate of 60%. No side effects were observed. Conclusion: Endovascular brachytherapy is a safe and brief procedure. In our selection of patients, a patency rate of approx. 40% after 1 year has to be expected. Thus, these first results are promising, although first published studies of endoluminal irradiation in peripheral vessels with stent implantation showed higher patency rates. No randomized data are currently available. We conclude that endovascular irradiation should be performed together with stent implantation in long lesions or recurrent stenosis after PTA, in order to control not only excessive intimal proliferation but also constrictive arterial remodeling.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Die Häufigkeit von Rezidivstenosen nach PTA stellen die wesentlichste Limitierung der Methode dar. Sie sind überwiegend durch überschießende Bildung einer Neointima und kontriktives Remodeling bedingt. In zahlreichen tierexperimentellen Studien konnte gezeigt werden, daß die überschießende Intimaproliferation durch ionisierende Strahlung kontrolliert werden kann. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die Prüfung der Durchführbarkeit, Sicherheit und potentiellen Senkung des Rezidivrisikos durch endovaskuläre Brachytherapie. Methodik: Seit September 1996 wurden 24 Patienten mit längerstreckigen Stenosen oder Verschlüssen (〉5 cm) der A. fem. superf. oder Rezidivstenosen nach perkutaner transluminaler Angioplastie einer endovaskulären Bestrahlung (Iridium-192-HDR-Brachytherapie) zugeführt. Die Patienten wurden mittels Dopplerindexkontrolle, i.v.DSA., Duplexsonographie und Magnetresonanzangiographie nachkontrolliert. Ergebnisse: Nach einem mittleren Kontrollzeitraum von 15 Monaten fand sich eine kumulative Offenheitsrate von 60%. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen höhere Offenheitsraten als die in der Literatur angegebenen Daten für diese Patientenselektion, eine Restenoserate von ca. 60% ist bei einem vergleichbarem Kollektiv zu erwarten. Dennoch haben wir niedrigere Offenheitsraten im Vergleich zu Forschungsgruppen gefunden, die die endoluminale Brachytherapie an Patienten nach Stentimplantation untersucht haben [2, 21]. Schlußfolgerung: Die endoluminale HDR Brachytherapie ist sicher, kaum belastend, zeitlich und finanziell wenig aufwendig. Die ersten Ergebnisse scheinen die Bedeutung vaskulärer Stents zur Kontrolle des konstriktiven Remodeling zu unterstreichen. In weiteren prospektiv randomisierten Studien wird die Wertigkeit der Methode festzulegen sein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Multiple sclerosis ; Periventricular lesions ; Callosal ; atrophy ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In multiple sclerosis (MS), periventricular lesions produce atrophy of the corpus callosum (CC), as evidenced by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We investigated whether CC atrophy in relapsing-remitting MS patients is related to functional deficits. We compared 14 mildly disabled (mean Expanded Disability Status Scale score 2.7) relapsing-remitting MS patients with 14 age- und sex-matched controls. CC size was determined using sagittal T1-weighted MRI. The function of the CC was studied using a neuropsychological battery and neurophysiological evaluation based on visual stimulation using a divided visual field paradigm. The total area of the CC in patients (mean 5.3cm2) was significantly (P=0.002) smaller than in controls (mean 6.6cm2). Patients showed left ear extinction using the dichotic listening test and impaired name learning, which was correlated with atrophy of the splenium. There were no differences in interhemispheric transfer time between patients and controls. Marked atrophy of the CC can be encountered in relapsing-remitting MS patients. The associated cerebral disconnection correlated with atrophy of expected regions of the CC, thus supporting topographical organization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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