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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional correlates of callosal atrophy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. A preliminary MRI study (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 245 (1998), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Multiple sclerosis ; Periventricular lesions ; Callosal ; atrophy ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In multiple sclerosis (MS), periventricular lesions produce atrophy of the corpus callosum (CC), as evidenced by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We investigated whether CC atrophy in relapsing-remitting MS patients is related to functional deficits. We compared 14 mildly disabled (mean Expanded Disability Status Scale score 2.7) relapsing-remitting MS patients with 14 age- und sex-matched controls. CC size was determined using sagittal T1-weighted MRI. The function of the CC was studied using a neuropsychological battery and neurophysiological evaluation based on visual stimulation using a divided visual field paradigm. The total area of the CC in patients (mean 5.3cm2) was significantly (P=0.002) smaller than in controls (mean 6.6cm2). Patients showed left ear extinction using the dichotic listening test and impaired name learning, which was correlated with atrophy of the splenium. There were no differences in interhemispheric transfer time between patients and controls. Marked atrophy of the CC can be encountered in relapsing-remitting MS patients. The associated cerebral disconnection correlated with atrophy of expected regions of the CC, thus supporting topographical organization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050196
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Vitro Studies of 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase: Inhibition by Folate Derivatives, Folate Antagonists, and Monoamine Derivatives (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 38 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Folate monoglutamates and folate antagonists have an inhibitory action on the activity of 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in rat brain. The type of inhibition was studied for dihydrofolic acid using the Lineweaver–Burk transformation. Some of the monoamine alkaloids, the in vitro products of 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, have either a stimulatory or inhibitory effect on the enzyme activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb08678.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrathecal IgG Synthesis and IgG Index after Intensive and Chronic Immunosuppressive Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 436 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1984.tb14812.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The preselection value of the doppler LP test for shunt-therapy in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 225 (1981), S. 15-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Cerebral blood flow ; Normal pressure hydrocephalus ; Doppler LP test ; Cerebrospinal fluid pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung bestätigen die Hypothese, daß der einfache, harmlose Doppler-LP-Test ein nützliches Verfahren sein kann, um Information zu bekommen von dem Zusammenhang des Liquordrucks und der zerebralen Blutdurchströmung. Ferner wurde der vorhersehende Wert des Tests untersucht bezüglich des klinischen Erfolges nach Liquordrainage bei Patienten mit Hydrocephalus mit normalem Liquordruck. Es wurden vierzehn Patienten untersucht mit Hydrocephalus mit normalem Liquordruck; acht Patienten zeigten einen positiven und sechs Patienten einen negativen Doppler-LP-Test. Sieben der acht Patienten mit dem positiven Test zeigten eine deutliche Verbesserung nach der Operation, doch keiner der sechs Patienten mit dem negativen Test. Die Schlußfolgerung dieser Untersuchung könnte sein, daß der Doppler-LP-Test ein neuer und brauchbarer preoperativer Selektionstest wäre bei Patienten mit Hydrocephalus mit normalem Liquordruck. Im übrigen unterstützt dieses Studium die Hypothese, daß die Autoregulation der zerebralen Blutdurchströmung gestört sein kann bei Patienten mit Hydrocephalus mit normalem Liquordruck.
    Notes: Summary The results of this study confirm the hypothesis that the simple innocuous Doppler LP test may be useful in obtaining information about CSFP-CBF (cerebrospinal fluid pressure-cerebral blood flow) relationships. The value of this test in predicting the clinical outcome of CSF shunting in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) was studied. Fourteen patients with NPH were examined; eight patients showed a positive and six patients a negative Doppler LP test. Seven of the eight patients with a positive test improved following the shunting procedure, but none of the six patients with a negative test improved after operation. This study suggests that the Doppler LP test is a useful preoperative selection test in patients with NPH. In addition this study supports the hypothesis that CBF autoregulation may be impaired with NPH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313457
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of intensive immunosuppression on the course of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 223 (1980), S. 177-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Immunosuppression ; Multiple sclerosis ; Immunoglobulin G ; Prognosis ; HLA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 39 Patienten mit chronisch progressiver Multipler Sklerose wurden während drei Wochen mit intensiver Immunosuppression behandelt (Cyclophosphamide und Prednison). Die Kontrollperiode wechselte zwischen 1 und 5 Jahren mit einem Mittelwert von 21/2 Jahren. Die Progression der Krankheit wurde gestoppt bei 27 Patienten während durchschnittlich 2 Jahren. Bei 13 Patienten dauerte die Verbesserung während der ganzen Observationsperiode an. Die Behandlung ergab den besten Erfolg bei jüngeren Patienten mit DRw2-positivem HLA-Test und kurzer Krankheitsdauer, deren Progression schnell und deren Invalidität niedrig war. Wenn das IgG-Niveau 3 Monate nach der Behandlung niedrig blieb, war das ein Zeichen einer guten Prognose.
    Notes: Summary 39 patients with chronic-progressive multiple sclerosis were treated with a short course of intensive immunosuppression consisting in high doses of cyclophosphamide and prednisone. The follow-up period varied between 1 and 5 years with a mean of 21/2 years. Progression of the disease ceased in 27 patients for varying periods, with a mean of two years. In 13 patients the progression ceased during the whole follow-up period. The treatment gave the most favourable results in patients who were DRw2 positive in histocompatibility testing, whose disease started at an early age (around 28 years), whose disease duration before treatment was short (6 years), whose progression was fast and whose disability before treatment was low. If CSF levels of IgG 3 months after the treatment remain low, this is a sign of good prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313182
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in carotid flow velocity induced by lowering cerebrospinal fluid pressure in normal pressure hydrocephalus (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 218 (1978), S. 17-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Blood flow ; Doppler hematotachography ; Normal pressure hydrocephalus ; Cerebrospinal fluid pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Diese Präliminarstudie gibt eine Analyse der veränderten Blutstromgeschwindigkeit des Carotissystems nach einer Lumbalpunktion bei 5 Patienten, welche klinische und neurologische Symptome eines Hydrocephalus mit normalem Liquordruck zeigten. Nach Drucksenkung der Zerebrospinalflüssigkeit zeigte sich auf der Doppler-Hämatotachographie eine schnellere Durchströmung der Halsschlagader. In einer Kontrollgruppe von 4 Patienten mit normaler Dynamik der Zerebrospinalflüssigkeit konnten die Änderungen in der Blutdurchströmung der Halsschlagader nicht nachgewiesen werden. Die Durchführung dieser Methode ist einfach, sie beansprucht den Patienten nicht allzusehr und scheint indiziert für die Erkennung des Hydrocephalus mit normalem Druck.
    Notes: Summary This is a report of changes in blood flow velocity in the carotid system induced by lumbar puncture in five patients who had clinical and neuroradiological signs of normal pressure hydrocephalus. After lowering cerebrospinal fluid pressure an increase of carotid flow velocity was found on Doppler hematotachography. These changes of carotid blood flow velocity could not be demonstrated in a control group of four patients with normal cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. This method is easy to perform, does not overtax the patient and seems to be indicated for the diagnosis of NPH. It is presented as a new, simple, reproducible aid to the diagnosis of NPH by Doppler hematotachography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314714
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Limited duration of the effect of methylprednisolone on changes on MRI in multiple sclerosis (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 382-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Corticosteroid ; Gadolinium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Treatment with methylprednisolone reduces the duration and severity of clinical relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS), while reducing the number of gadolinium-enhancing lesions on T1-weighted MRI. We performed serial MRI imaging after methylprednisolone treatment to see whether suppression of enhancement persists and whether related abnormalities on T2-weighted images disappear at follow-up. Thirteen patients with definite MS received a total of 31 courses of methylprednisolone over an average period of 50 weeks. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI was obtained before and after treatment, then at monthly intervals, using a standardised repositioning and imaging protocol. Two experienced readers in conference defined the number of active (gadolinium-enhancing and new or enlarging nonenhancing) lesions. We detected 609 active lesions on 195 examinations. Directly after treatment the reduction in the number of enhancing lesions was 78%, indicating restoration of the BBB and suppression of inflammation. It was uncommon for a lesion which stopped enhancing to show enhancement on a subsequent examination. No beneficial effect was observed on the rate of disappearance of related abnormalities on T2-weighted images, indicating persistent change such as oedema, cellular infiltration or demyelination. Moreover, in 89% of cases, an increase in the number of active lesions was observed before new clinical activity, if any, was observed (on average 52% earlier). MRI enabled us to demonstrate that the duration of the effect of methylprednisolone treatment is temporary (on average 9.7 weeks).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00612124
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of rat brain monoamine oxidase type A by 2- aminotetralin and tetrahydroisoquinoline analogues of dopamine (1983)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 5 (1983), S. 131-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Thein vitro inhibition of rat brain monoamine oxidase type A (Mao-a) by various dopamine analogues is reported and compared to some established inhibitors of the enzyme. The estimated ic50's were found to be in the range 10−5–10−3 mol/1. This makes these compounds more than 10 000 times less potent than the selectiveMao-a inhibitor harmaline and more than 10 times less potent than the selectiveMao-b inhibitors pargyline and deprenyl. When the brain concentrations that are reached after peripheral administration of these drugs are taken into account it is unlikely that inhibition ofMao is relevant to their effects as has been suggested. Also the endogenous brain concentrations of some tetrahydroisoquinolines are probably too low to produce an inhibition of the enzyme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01961468
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