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A path-analytical approach to differentiate between direct and indirect drug effects on negative symptoms in schizophrenic patients (1995)

Möller, Hans-Jürgen ; Müller, Horst ; Borison, Richard L. ; [et al.]

Springer

European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 245 (1995), S. 45-49

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ISSN: 1433-8491

Keywords: Neuroleptics ; Negative symptoms ; Risperidone ; Schizophrenia ; Haloperidol

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract The hypothesis that differences in drug effects of risperidone and haloperidol on negative symptoms in schizophrenia are secondary to effects on positive, extrapyramidal, and depressive symptoms was investigated by means of an analysis of the data from the USA-Canada risperidone double-blind randomized clinical trial of 523 chronic schizophrenic patients. Regression analyses in the total sample and within treatment groups confirmed a strong relationship between changes in negative symptoms and the other variables studied (R2=0.50−0.51,p〈0.001). Only depressive symptoms did not contribute significantly to these results (p〉0.10). Path analysis showed that the greater mean change (p〈0.05) of negative symptoms with risperidone compared to haloperidol could not be fully explained by correlations with favourable effects on positive and extrapyramidal symptoms. The relationship between shift in extrapyramidal symptoms and shift in negative symptoms failed to reach statistical significance; however, there was a clear tendency in the expected direction in both treatment groups.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02191543

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Reactionss of Sodium Hydrazide with Organic Compounds (1964)

Kauffmann, Th. ; Hacker, H. ; Hage, S. M. ; [et al.]

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 3 (1964), S. 342-353

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ISSN: 0570-0833

Keywords: Sodium hydrazide ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: The reactions of sodium hydrazide with organic compounds are reviewed for the first time. The great variety of these reactions is mainly due to the extraordinary ease with which the hydrazide ion adds onto unsaturated compounds, usually to form unstable adducts that achieve stability in various ways.

Additional Material: 7 Tab.