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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nicotine as a discriminative stimulus in rats depleted of norepinephrine or 5-hydroxytryptamine (1972)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 24 (1972), S. 417-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: State-Dependent Learning ; Nicotine ; 5-Hydroxytryptamine ; Norepinephrine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats were trained to make a specific behavioral response in a T-maze apparatus conditional upon whether they were injected with 0.4 mg/kg nicotine or saline. Depletion of brain levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine by orally administered para-chlorophenylalanine had no significant effect on the rats' ability to discriminate nicotine. However, both insoluble alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine and its ester, at intraperitoneal doses of 90 and 135 mg/kg, respectively, significantly decreased discrimination of nicotine at 180 and 270 min post-administration. At these doses and times, saline discrimination was not altered. The experimental evidence indicates that nicotine's CNS cueing effect is mediated by norepinephrine, and this is discussed in light of the Burn and Rand hypothesis. It is proposed that, nicotine may act on a specific nicotine-sensitive cholinergic receptor in the CNS, which causes release of norepinephrine which, in turn, produces the interoceptive cueing effect that enables the rats to make the appropriate behavioral response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402536
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nicotine as a discriminative cue in rats: Inability of related drugs to produce a nicotine-like cueing effect (1972)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 27 (1972), S. 379-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Nicotine ; State-Dependent Behavior ; Lobeline ; Amphetamine ; Arecoline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats were trained to enter one arm of a T-maze after the subcutaneous administration of 0.4 mg/kg and to enter the opposite arm following the injection of an equal volume of saline. Administration of 0.4 mg/kg nicotine isomethonium iodide hydroiodide, 0.4–10.0 mg/kg lobeline sulfate, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg d-amphetamine sulfate and 0.25–2.0 mg/kg arecoline hydrobromide produced responses which resembled the established saline effect. Pretreatment with 10.0 mg/kg lobeline had no significant effect on the nicotine-cued response. The inability of these structurally and/or functionally similar drugs to produce a nicotine-like discriminative effect is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429392
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer of state-dependent control of discriminative behaviour between subcutaneously and intraventricularly administered nicotine and saline (1973)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 32 (1973), S. 327-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Nicotine ; Intraventricular ; State-Dependent Behaviour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats were trained to choose between the side compartments of a three-chambered shock-escape apparatus according to whether they were injected with nicotine or saline. Half of the rats learned to discriminate between 0.4 mg/kg nicotine and saline administered subcutaneously, whereas the other half learned to differentiate between 644 ng nicotine or saline administered intraventricularly. The rats trained by the subcutaneous route of administration had the ability to discriminate between nicotine and saline given intraventricularly and the rats trained by the intraventricular route could differentiate when the two substances were injected subcutaneously. This transfer of state-dependent control of discriminative behaviour between subcutaneously and intraventricularly administered nicotine and saline is presented as evidence for the central origin of the nicotine-produced interoceptive cue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429468
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic study of the reaction of IO with CH3SCH3 (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 19 (1987), S. 503-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction IO + CH3SCH3 → products (3) was studied at room temperature and near 1 Torr pressure of He, using the discharge flow mass spectrometric technique. The rate constant was found to be k3 = (1.5 ± 0.5) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. CH3S(O)CH3 was detected as a product suggesting the following channel: IO + CH3SCH3 → CH3S(O)CH3 + I. The rate constant of the reaction IO + IO → products (1) was also measured: k1 = (3 ± 0.5) × 10-11 at 298 K and 1 Torr pressure. The atmospheric implication of reaction (3) is discussed. The results indicate that this reaction could be a potential important sink of CH3SCH3 in marine atmosphere.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550190603
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and mechanism for the reactions of H atoms with CH3SH and C2H5SH (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 20 (1988), S. 897-907 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A kinetic study of the reactions of H atoms with CH3SH and C2H5SH has been carried out at 298 K by the discharge flow technique with EPR and mass spectrometric analysis of the species. The pressure was 1 torr. It was found: k1 = (2.20 ± 0.20) × 10-12 for the reaction H + CH3SH (1) and k2 = (2.40 ± 0.16) × 10-12 for the reaction H + C2H5SH (2). Units are cm3 molecule-1 s-1. A mass spectrometric analysis of the reaction products and a computer simulation of the reacting systems have shown that reaction (1) proceeds through two mechanisms leading to the formation of CH3S + H2 (1a) and CH3 + H2S (1b).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550201108
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic study for the reactions of OH radicals with dimethylsulfide, diethylsulfide, tetrahydrothiophene, and thiophene (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 17 (1985), S. 1247-1261 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reactions of OH radicals with dimethylsulfide (DMS) diethylsulfide (DES), tetrahydrothiophene (THT), and thiophene have been studied at room temperature for DES and THT, at 273, 293, and 318 K for DMS, and at 293 and 318 K for thiophene by the discharge flow EPR technique in a halocarbon wax coated reactor. The following rate constants were obtained at room temperature. For the reaction OH + DMS (1), a very low temperature dependence was noticed.Some additional results concerning the mass spectrometric analysis of the products are also reported.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550171202
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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