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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of feeding byOniscus asellus (Isopoda) on nutrient cycling in an incubated hardwood forest soil (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 7 (1989), S. 239-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Nutrient cycling ; Oniscus asellus ; Hardwood forest soil ; Leaching ; Macrofauna
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Oniscus asellus produced changes in the nutrients leached from Oie and Oa horizons of a hardwood forest soil. Soil with isopods lost more K+ (54%) from the Oie horizon and more Ca2+ (25%), Mg2+ (40%), and water-extractable S (23%) from the Oa horizon than soil without isopods. In contrast, soils with isopods lost less Ca2+ (39076) from the Oie horizon and less dissolved C-bonded S (33%) from the Oa horizon than soil without isopods. In addition, the Oia and Oa horizons exhibited different nutrient dynamics. When isopods were present, the Oa horizon leachates accumulated more Na+ K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NO3 − , water-soluble SO4 2−, and dissolved C-bonded S, and the Oie horizon retained more of these nutrients. The type of leaching solution also had a major effect on nutrients. Leaching with a simulated soil solution resulted in smaller nutrient losses for K+ and Mg2+ in both horizons and for Na+, Ca2+, and NO3 − in the Oa horizon than leaching with distilled water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00709655
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paleolimnological evidence for recent acidification of Big Moose Lake, Adirondack Mountains, N.Y. (USA) (1987)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 3 (1987), S. 267-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: Adirondacks ; lake acidification ; acid precipitation ; paleolimnology ; diatoms ; chrysophytes ; chironomids ; geochemistry ; sulfur ; PAH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Big Moose L. has become significantly more acidic since the 1950s, based on paleolimnological analyses of sediment cores. Reconstruction of past lakewater pH using diatom assemblage data indicates that from prior to 1800 to ca. 1950, lakewater pH was about 5.8. After the mid-1950s, the inferred pH decreased steadily and relatively quickly to about 4.6. Alkalinity reconstructions indicate a decrease of about 30 μeq · l-1 during the same period. There was a major shift in diatom assemblage composition, including a nearly total loss of euplanktonic taxa. Chrysophyte scale assemblages and chironomid (midge larvae remains also changed in a pattern indicating decreasing lakewater pH starting in the 1950s. Accumulation rates of total Ca, exchangeable and oxide Al, and other metals suggest recent lake-watershed acidification. Cores were dated using210Pb, pollen, and charcoal. Indicators of watershed change (deposition rates of Ti, Si, Al) do not suggest any major erosional events resulting from fires or logging. Accumulation rates of materials associated with combustion of fossil fuels (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, coal and oil soot particles, some trace metals, and sulfur) are low until the late 1800s-early 1900s and increase relatively rapidly until the 1920s–1930s. Peak rates occurred between the late 1940s and about 1970, when rates declined. The recent decrease in pH of Big Moose L. cannot be accounted for by natural acidification or processes associated with watershed disturbance. The magnitude, rate and timing of the recent pH and alkalinity decreases, and their relationship to indicators of coal and oil combustion, indicate that the most reasonable explanation for the recent acidification is increased atmospheric deposition of strong acids derived from combustion of fossil fuels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02185196
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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