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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 52 (1980), S. 173-184 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Pain ; thalamotomy ; radiosurgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thalamotomy aiming at the CM-Pf complex and using stereotactic gamma irradiation has been performed in a series of 52 patients with severe pain due to malignancy. Lesions were produced either contra- or ipsilaterally to the side of the pain as well as bilaterally. Eight patients experienced good pain relief, 18 had moderate relief, and in 24 the operation did not significantly influence the pain. A second operation following recurrence of pain was rarely of value. There was a tendency towards more efficient relief of pain located in the face or in the arm and shoulder than of pain in the lower part of the body. Although contralateral lesions seem to be most effective, ipsilateral operations may also give some relief. The best results were obtained when the lesions were placed close to the wall of the third ventricle and at the level of the posterior commissure. Postmortem examination of 21 brains disclosed that the mean error in the placing of the lesions was about 1 mm. It is concluded that medial thalamotomy may be tried as a last resort in the treatment of cancer pain in selected patients with a short life expectancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1435-1420
    Keywords: Key words Nosocomial urinary tract infection ; prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections ; evidence-based guidelines ; Schlüsselwörter Nosokomiale Harnweginfektionen ; Prävention Katheterassoziierter Harnweginfektionen ; evidenzbasierte Leitlinien
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Harnweginfektionen sind mit einem Anteil von ca. 40% die häufigsten nosokomialen Infektionen und in den meisten Fällen mit transurethralen Kathetern assoziiert. Die Empfehlungen der Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, Atlanta, USA) als international wichtigste, evidenz-basierte Leitlinien zur Prävention Katheterassoziierter Harnweginfektionen wurden im Jahre 1981 veröffentlicht und seitdem nicht aktualisiert. Evidenzbasierte nationale Empfehlungen sind in Deutschland bislang nicht verfügbar. Wir haben deshalb eine systematische Literaturrecherche nach randomisierten, kontrollierten Interventionsstudien zur Prävention Katheterassoziierter Harnweginfektionen durchgeführt (Medline, Cochrane Library, Durchsicht wichtiger Standardwerke). Insgesamt wurden 50 randomisierte, kontrollierte Interventionsstudien identifiziert, welche die Einschlußkriterien erfüllten. Wesentliche neue Erkenntnisse ergaben sich in den letzten Jahren zu Alternativen von transurethralen Kathetern und zu neuen Kathetermaterialien. Von den CDC-Empfehlungen ausgehend, deren wichtigste Prinzipien immer noch Gültigkeit besitzen, wurden vom Nationalen Referenzzentrum für Krankenhaushygiene* aktualisierte Leitlinien zur Prävention Katheter-assoziierter Harnweginfektionen entwickelt.
    Notes: Summary Urinary tract infections are the most frequent nosocomial infections, accounting for about 40% of all nosocomial infections. In most cases these infections are associated with indwelling urinary catheters. The guideline from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, USA) for the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections, as the most important evidence-based guideline worldwide, was published in 1981 and has not been updated so far. Evidence-based national guidelines are not available in Germany. We have, therefore, performed a literature search for randomized, controlled studies on the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (Medline, Cochrane Library, reference text books) published since 1981. Fifty studies meeting our inclusion criteria were identified. Substantial new findings have been published on alternatives to urethral catheters and new catheter materials. Based upon the CDC guideline, whose principles are still valid, updated guidelines for the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections have been developed by the National Reference Center for Hospital Hygiene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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