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  • Peptide toxins  (1)
  • T cell-stimulatory antigens  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    T cell receptor specificities of Toxoplasma gondii-reactive mouse CD4+ T lymphocytes and Th1 clones (1997)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 186 (1997), S. 25-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Keywords: Key wordsToxoplasma gondii ; CD4+ T lymphocytes ; T cell receptors ; T cell-stimulatory antigens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The Toxoplasma gondii-directed CD4+ T cell response in chronically infected mice was studied with respect to both T cell receptor diversity and antigen specificities. T cell receptor chains Vβ4, 6, 8, 10, and 14 were predominantly found on toxoplasma-reactive CD4+ splenocytes. This repertoire was also detected among T. gondii-specific CD4+ T cell clones. Analysis of clonotypic cytokine profiles revealed typical Th1 clones secreting interleukin-2, interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor activity and Th2 clones producing interleukin-4 and interleukin-10. Five distinct toxoplasma antigens (p26, p40, p55, p58 and p60) were detected in electrophoretically separated toxoplasma lysate by five individual Th1 clones. Parallel testing of CD4+ T lymphocytes from infected mice confirmed that these specificities constitute the peak immunogenic fractions of toxoplasma lysate. The expression patterns of two clonotypic, T cell-stimulatory parasite antigens were studied in detail. While p55 was expressed by mouse-virulent and avirulent T. gondii isolates and in both the tachyzoite and bradyzoite stages, p58 was detected only in virulent strains from intraspecies subgroup I. Thus, we describe the heterogeneity of toxoplasmic immunodominant T cell antigens including a 58-kDa group I-restricted molecule which may provide a marker for virulent isolates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004300050042
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of voltage-gated potassium currents of microglia differentiated with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (1995)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 147 (1995), S. 137-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Microglia ; Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor ; Whole-cell recording ; Outward K+ currents ; Frequency-independent K+ current ; Peptide toxins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Voltage-gated whole-cell currents were recorded from cultured microglial cells which had been developed in the presence of the macrophage/microglial growth factor granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Outward K+ currents (I K) were most prominent in these cells. I Kcould be activated at potentials more positive than −40 mV. Half-maximal activation of I Kwas achieved at −13.8 mV and half-maximal inactivation of I Kwas determined at −33.8 mV. The recovery of I Kfrom inactivation was described by a time constant of 7.9 sec. For a tenfold change in extracellular K+ concentration the reversal potential of I Kshifted by 54 mV. Extracellularly applied 10 mm tetraethylammonium chloride reduced I K by about 50%, while 5 mm 4-aminopyridine almost completely abolished I K. Several divalent cations (Ba2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Zn2+) reduced current amplitudes and shifted the activation curve of I Kto more positive values. Charybdotoxin (IC50 = 1.14 nm) and noxiustoxin (IC50=0.89 nm) blocked I Kin a concentration-dependent manner, whereas dendrotoxin and mast cell degranulating peptide had no effect on the current amplitudes. The outward K+ currents showed a frequency dependence when depolarizing pulses were applied at a frequency of 1 Hz. A frequency-independent outward current (I K′) characterized by the same activation behavior as I Kwas detected. I K′was blocked completely by 10 nm charybdotoxin or by 10 nm noxiustoxin. In contrast to its effect on I K, 10 mm tetraethylammonium chloride did not reduce I K′.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233542
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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