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  • Physics  (9)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical relaxations in some ionene polymers. II. Influence of counterions and absorbed water (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 14 (1976), S. 2273-2284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Six 6,10-ionenes with different counterions were prepared by ion exchange reactions in aqueous solutions. The counterions were Br, I, CIO4, BF4, SCN, and B(C6H5)4. The dynamic mechanical properties of these polymers were investigated by use of a torsional braid analyser. Three relaxations α (25-140°C), β (-30-0°C), and γ (-140-120°C) were observed at the frequencies of 0.3-0.8 Hz. The temperature of the α and β relaxations were largely dependent on the size of counterions, but those of the γ relaxations had little variation. The effects of electrostatic forces in the polymers on each relaxation was discussed. The influence of absorbed water on the α, β, and γ relaxations was examined. The absorbed water in the polymers greatly depressed the temperature of the α relaxations and this phenomenon was interpreted to be the result of the specific hydration on ionic portions.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1976.180141212
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and dynamic mechanical properties of heterogeneous network polymers from poly(L-glutamic acid) and poly(oxyethylene glycol) (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 12 (1974), S. 501-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Heterogeneous network polymers composed of rigid polypeptide chains and flexible polyether chains were synthesized. That is, poly(L-glutamic acid) (PLGA) was crosslinked with poly(oxyethylene glycol) (PEG) at various carboxy/hydroxyl mole ratios K. The solubility tests and hydrolysis of heterogeneous network polymers suggest that the crosslinking reaction proceeds by esterification. The dynamic mechanical properties of these polymers(100 Hz, -100-200°C) are greatly influenced by the presence of a trace of water and the weight per cent of PLGA. In addition, some of these polymers show only one maximum in the temperature dispersion of dynamic loss modulus E″ and tan δ, although their shape is rather broad. The x-ray photographs of these polymers show an amorphous halo or weak Debye-Sherrer rings. These findings suggest that these polymers are not simple adducts; neverthless PLGA and/or PEG domains exist.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1974.180120305
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscoelastic properties of heterogeneous network polymers from poly(D-glutamic acid) and poly(oxyethylene glycol) (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 13 (1975), S. 1633-1642 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A series of five heterogeneous network polymers was prepared from poly(D-glutamic acid) (PDG) and poly(oxyethylene glycol) (PEG), and their dynamic mechanical properties were studied. The content of PDG was fixed at 60% by weight, and the molecular weight of PEG was changed to obtain networks with various crosslink densities. An increase in the PEG molecular weight from 330 to 880 caused considerable broadening of tan δ and E″ curves, and peak temperatures for tan δ and E″ decreased slightly. Curves of tan δ and E″ for PDG-PEG 4000 (indicating a PEG component of molecular weight 4,000) were much broader and the existence of two peaks was recognized. These findings and x-ray photographs suggest that PDG-PEG 330, 570, and 880 give films of fairly uniform phase, but that PDG-PEG 1830 and 4000 give films with two-phase structure. The factors influencing the dynamic mechanical properties in decreasing order of effectiveness are found to be the proportions by weight of PDG and PEG, the compatibility of PDG with PEG, the crosslink density, and the concentration of free carboxyl groups. The infrared spectra of these polymers indicate that at least part of the PDG component retains the α-helix conformation.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.180130814
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic mechanical properties of some novel ionene polymers (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 13 (1975), S. 2091-2102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Novel ionic polymers of the type x,y-oxyethylene ionenes (x,y-OEI), have been synthesized, for x and y varying from 2 to 5. The 2,2-, 2,3-, 2,4-, and 3,3-OEI are crystalline; the 3,4-, 4,4-, 4,5-, and 5,5-OEI are amorphous. The temperature dependence of the dynamic mechanical properties of these polymers, studied by torsional braid analysis over a temperature range from -170° to +150°C, shows two types of dispersion in each polymer. The dispersions lying between -6° and +90°C appear to be primary dispersions due to the amorphous phase. The dispersions between -110° and 0°C, on the other hand, are attributed to local modes. The temperature of the primary dispersion depends linearly on the charge density along the main chains of the polymer. However, the dependence of the local mode dispersion temperature on the charge density shows no regular pattern. Both dispersions are greatly influenced by the presence of absorbed water. Measurements of Tg at various water contents reveal the existence of abnormal plasticizing effects by water.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.180131103
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical relaxations in some ionene polymers. I. Effect of Ion concentration (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 14 (1976), S. 2259-2271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Dynamic mechanical properties of m,n-ionenes, the structure of which are shown in Figure 1, were examined by torsional braid analysis. Three relaxations designated as α,β and γ were found. The α relaxation, ascribed to the primary relaxation due to an amorphous phase, was observed at 70-130°C, the temperature increasing with an increase of the ion concentration along the polymer chains. The β relaxation at around 0°C was related to the ionic portions of the polymers. The γ relaxation at around-120°C was a so-called local mode relaxation. The γ relaxation peak was split into two peaks in the very slowly cooled 12,10-ionene sample and the formation of an inhomogeneous structure in the amorphous phase is proposed.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1976.180141211
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of isocyanurate-type crosslinked polyurethanes (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 11 (1973), S. 1765-1779 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polyurethane elastomers containing isocyanurate rings as crosslinking structure were prepared by crosslinking the prepolymers in N,N-dimethylformamide solution with sodium cyanide catalyst. Physical properties such as gel fraction, swelling ratio, density, glass transition temperature, Young's modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break were measured. The effects of diisocyanate structure, the degree of crosslinking, and the crosslinking structure on the properties of polyurethanes were studied. The stress-strain curves of isocyanurate-type crosslinked polyurethanes prepared from poly(oxytetramethylene)glycol rose at lower extensions and gave higher tensile properties than those of triol-cured and diamine-cured polyurethanes. The observed high tensile properties were attributed to the rigid crosslinking structure of isocyanurate ring.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1973.170110801
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative study on hydrogen bonding between urethane compound and ethers by infrared spectroscopy (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 2137-2152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A quantitative infrared spectroscopic study of a model urethane-type compound was carried out in order to obtain basic data on hydrogen bonding in polyurethanes. First, the absolute intensity of free N—H groups of N-phenylurethane, which was adopted as the model urethane, was determined by Wilson-Wells' method to be 3.59 × 103l./mole-cm.2. The free N—H of this urethane absorbed at 3447 cm.-1, and hydrogen-bonded N—H absorbed near 3300 cm.-1. Then, the extents of hydrogen bonding of the urethane at various concentrations were determined, and the hydrogen bonding between the urethane and ethers was studied by using the above-mentioned absolute intensity. For comparison, diphenylamine was also used as proton donor. Di-n-butyl ether and poly-(oxyethylene glycol) were examined and proved to be able to act as proton acceptors. The frequency shifts of N—H stretching vibration of diphenylamine and N-phenylurethane caused by hydrogen bonding with di-n-butyl ether were 96 cm.-1 and 150 cm.-1, respectively. The equilibrium constants were 4.8 × 10-1l./mole for the former system 4.6 × 10-1l./mole for the latter.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.150060811
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneous network polymers: Poly-∊-N-carbobenzoxy-L-lysine crosslinked with isocyanate-terminated polyethers (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 9 (1971), S. 2745-2749 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1971.150090928
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of methyl sidegroup on the extent of hydrogen bonding and modulus of polyurethane elastomers (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 2153-2164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effects of methyl sidegroup on the properties of polyurethane elastomers, mainly hydrogen bonding and elastic properties, were studied. Polyurethanes of almost equal crosslinking density and urethane group concentration, but with different side methyl groups, were prepared by a prepolymer method. The extent of hydrogen bonding was determined by an infrared technique. The density and Young's modulus are decreased by the introduction of methyl sidegroup, swelling ratio and Tg are increased, but the extent of hydrogen bonding is not affected.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.150060812
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