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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Mitochondrial DNA ; Protoplast fusion ; Petunia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Restriction site polymorphisms between two parental mitochondrial (mt) genomes were used to characterize the novel mt genome present in a somatic hybrid plant. A cosmid clone containing mtDNA restriction fragments characteristic of both parental plant lines was identified in a library constructed from mtDNA of progeny of a somatic hybrid plant. Restriction mapping revealed the location of several restriction fragments derived from each of the parental mt genomes on the same cloned region of somatic hybrid mtDNA. This result is direct evidence that intergenomic recombination at the molecular level occurs in homologous regions of two parental mt genomes combined in the same plant cell by protoplast fusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 70 (1985), S. 1-12 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Tomato ; Somatic hybrid ; Protoplast fusion ; Organelle genome ; Regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Selection and screening methods were devised which resulted in the identification of a number of somatic hybrid callus clones following fusion of Lycopersicon esculentum protoplasts and L. pennellii suspension culture protoplasts. Visual selection for callus morphology combined with a high fusion frequency and irradiation of one parental protoplast type (137Cs source, 1.5 Krads) resulted in selection of a callus clone population containing a high proportion of somatic hybrids. Analysis of a dimeric isozyme for the presence of a heterodimeric form was found to be satisfactory for distinguishing parental-type calli, somatic hybrid calli, and mixed calli derived from both types of unfused parental cells. No somatic hybrid calli produced shoots, although the sexual hybrid between L. esculentum and L. pennellii regenerated well under the culture conditions employed. This result suggests that the non-regenerable growth habit of the L. pennellii suspension culture was dominant in the somatic hybrid. The culture conditions described here are suitable for obtaining regenerated plants from L. esculentum mesophyll protoplasts. L. esculentum protoplast calli from fusion cultures gave rise to shoots with L. esculentum phenotype at higher frequency than calli from control unfused L. esculentum mesophyll protoplast cultures. The use of probes for species-specific organelle DNA fragments allowed identification of organelle DNA restriction fragments in digests of total DNA from small samples of individual callus clones. The callus clones analyzed either carried predominantly one parental plastid DNA type or mixtures of both types. Use of a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) probe which distinguishes two parental mtDNA fragments revealed that the L. pennellii-specific fragment was present in all clones examined, but the L. esculentum fragment was absent or in low proportion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 72 (1986), S. 59-65 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Tomato ; Somatic hybrid ; Organelle genome ; Regeneration ; Protoplast fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A single somatic hybrid callus clone was identified following the fusion of Lycopersicon esculentum protoplasts and Solanum rickii suspension culture protoplasts. The hybrid nature of the callus and the plants regenerating from it was determined by assaying phosphoglucomutase-2 isozyme expression. The chloroplast genome present in four somatic hybrid plants was characterized by probing digests of total DNA with nick translated L. esculentum chloroplast DNA(cpDNA). All four somatic hybrid plants had inherited S. rickii cpDNA. Two clones of plant mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), soybean 18S and 5S rDNA and maize cytochrome oxidase subunit II were used to characterize the mtDNA present in total DNA digests of four somatic hybrid plants. In both cases, the somatic hybrid plants had inherited most but not all of the S. rickii specific fragments, but none of the L. esculentum specific fragments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 72 (1986), S. 748-755 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Petunia ; Chloroplast DNA ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Somatic hybrid ; Protoplast fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The chloroplast (cp) and mitochondrial (mt) DNAs of Petunia somatic hybrid plants, which were derived from the fusion of wild-type P. parodii protoplasts with albino P. inflata protoplasts, were analyzed by endonuclease restriction and Southern blot hybridization. Using 32P-labelled probes that distinguished the two parental cpDNAs at a BamH1 site and at a HpaII site, only the P. parodii chloroplast genome was detected in the 10 somatic hybrid plants analyzed. To examine whether cytoplasmic mixing had resulted in rearrangement of the mitochondrial genome in the somatic hybrids, restriction patterns of purified somatic hybrid and parental mtDNAs were analyzed. Approximately 87% of those restriction fragments which distinguish the two parental genomes are P. inflata-specific. Restriction patterns of the somatic hybrid mtDNAs differ both from the parental patterns and from each other, suggesting that an interaction occurred between the parental mitochondrial genomes in the somatic fusion products which resulted in generation of the novel mtDNA patterns. Southern blot hybridization substantiates this conclusion. In addition, somatic hybrid lines derived from the same fusion product were observed to differ in mtDNA restriction pattern, reflecting a differential sorting-out of mitochondrial genomes at the time the plants were regenerated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1987), S. 83-89 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Tomato ; Somatic hybrid ; Organelle genome ; Protoplast fusion ; Irradiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Somatic hybrid plants have been regenerated following polyethylene glycol mediated fusion of leaf mesophyll protoplasts from tomato and protoplasts from Lycopersicon pennellii callus. Three different cultivars of tomato were used as sources of protoplasts: Early Girl, Manapal, and UC82B. Fusions were performed between protoplasts of these tomato cultivars and protoplasts of L. pennellii, and between protoplasts of the cultivars and protoplasts of L. pennellii that had been exposed to 3 or 6 krads of gamma radiation. Somatic hybrid plants were identified on the basis of heterozygous isozyme banding patterns, and leaf and flower morphology. Somatic hybrid plants were regenerated following fusion of tomato protoplasts with either untreated or irradiated L. pennellii protoplasts. All were heterozygous for isozyme loci on five different chromosomes. Regenerated somatic hybrids showed inheritance of either or both parental chloroplast genomes, but predominantly the L. pennellii mitochondrial genome. The regenerated somatic hybrid plants exhibited reduced fertility, less than 20% viable pollen. A total of 34 somatic hybrid calli were identified. Of these, 21 regenerated shoots, and 7 produced seed following manual pollinations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 54 (1994), S. 619-647 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The specific sorption capacities of poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) [i.e., (Sty)1-x (DVB)x samples for binary solutions of toluene (α = 1.98)] and a second solvent [i.e., heptane (α = 〈0.01), methanol (α = 〈0.06), acetone (α = 0.92) or chloroform (α = 3.00)] were correlated with the corresponding DVB mole fraction (x) in the sorbent polymer samples (0.01 〈 x 〈 0.11), with the volume fraction (z) of toluene in the sorbed binary liquid (which was cycled at least twice from z = 0 to z = 1 and back to z = 0 in increments of 0.1) and with the adsorption parameter (α) of the sorbed liquid. These correlations demonstrated that the sorption capacity during the initial transit from z = 0 to 1 reflects the molecular architecture in the original dry state. Once the samples have been swelled to saturation in toluene (z = 1), however, the “memory” of the former dry state is erased; thereafter the sorption capacity reflects only the architecture established in the fully swollen state, and the composition of the sorbed solution. The molecular nature of the solvent exchange processes is discussed in the text. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: X-ray and deep UV lithography ; Photoacid generators ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The X-ray (1.4 nm) and deep UV (248 nm) radiation responses of chemically amplified photoresists incorporating arylmethyl sulfone photoacid generators were evaluated. The arylmethyl sulfones were primarily derivatives of benzyl phenyl sulfone, selected to reveal the importance of desulfonylation and internal abstraction with regard to the photochemical efficiency of acid generation. At 1.4 nm, benzyl phenyl sulfone gave a much more sensitive resist than dibenzyl sulfone, while the methyl derivatives of benzyl phenyl sulfone did not give much improvement over the parent compound. This suggests that desulfonylation is more important than internal abstraction for increased photochemical efficiency. At 248 nm, similar trends were observed, but with some modifications arising from the variation in extinction coefficient among the sulfones. Sensitivities at or below 20 mJ/cm2 were obtained for both wavelength ranges.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 18 (1984), S. 547-559 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: An in situ immunoradiometric assay was devised to quantitate human fibrinogen deposited on hemodialysis membrane, Cuprophane, from in vitro exposure to fibrinogen solution and from ex vivo extracorporally clinical use. The method requires a monospecific 125I-labeled antifibrinogen-IgG purified by DEAE chromatography and immunoadsorption. The labeled antifibrinogen IgG was shown to react specifically with fibrinogen adsorbed and immobilized (by glutaraldehyde) on Cuprophane. Other plasma proteins such as human albumin, IgG, or α-thrombin, adsorbed singly or coadsorbed with fibrinogen on the surface did not seem to affect the fibrinogen-antifibrinogen reaction. The presence of blood cells such as platelets and granulocytes with fibrinogen on Cuprophane reduced only slightly the uptake of 125I-antifibrinogen-IgG. The examination of fibrinogen-fibrin deposition on clinically used Cuprophane by this technique and by autoradiography of the same material following 125I-antifibrinogen-IgG conjugation indicated that the deposition of fibrinogen was heavy and heterogeneous. We concluded that this in situ method may be useful to monitor fibrinogen-fibrin deposition and adsorption of other plasma proteins that occur under in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo conditions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 18 (1984), S. 695-705 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Human prothrombin in Tyrode's solution, in mock plasma (albumin, fibrinogen, and IgG mixture), and in citrated plasma adsorbs to Cuprophane, polyvinylchloride, and polyacrylonitrile surfaces. The adsorption of prothrombin is maximal in Tyrode's solution and minimal in plasma. The surface concentrations of prothrombin are highest on polyacrylonitrile, second on polyvinylchloride, and lowest on Cuprophane at all prothrombin concentrations tested in the bulk solution. Qualitative tests show that prothrombin adsorbed to polyvinylchloride can be activated by Taipan snake venom to generate thrombin that clots fibrinogen. However, more quantitative tests indicate that only part of the adsorbed prothrombin on all three materials can be activated to form thrombin exhibiting amidolytic activity. The partial reactivity of adsorbed prothrombin is further confirmed by release of 125I-peptide from surface bound 125I-prothrombin after treatment with Australian Taipan snake venom. Prothrombin bound to Cuprophane seems to promote granulocyte adhesion, but has no effect on platelet adhesion.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 22 (1988), S. 795-818 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Tubular blood-contacting polymeric materials were modified by plasma polymerization and evaluated in the baboon with respect to their capacity to induce both acute and chronic arterial thrombosis. Polymer surface composition was determined by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis. Steady-state arterial thromboembolism was initiated by introducing tubular segments into chronic arteriovenous shunts. Rates of platelet destruction induced by the test materials were calculated from 111In-platelet survival measurements. Nine plasma polymers based on tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoroethane, hexafluoroethane/H2, and methane, when deposited on silicone rubber, consumed platelets at rates ranging from 1.1-5.6 × 108 platelets/cm2-day. Since these values were near the lower detection limit for this test system, the plasma polymers were considered relatively nonthrombogenic. Acute thrombus formation was initiated by inserting expanded Teflon (Gore-Tex PTFE) vascular grafts into the shunt system. 111In-platelet deposition was measured by scintillation camera imaging over a 1-h exposure period. Standard PTFE grafts (10 cm × 4 mm i. d.) accumulated approximately 1 × 1010 platelets over this interval. While modification of PTFE grafts with a plasma polymer based on hexafluoroethane/H2 did not alter graft surface morphology, platelet deposition was reduced by 87% as compared to the controls (p 〈 0.001). We conclude that both the surface chemistry and texture of prosthetic materials influence thrombogenesis. The method of plasma polymerization may be useful for assessing the importance of these variables independently and, perhaps, for minimizing certain adverse blood-material interactions.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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