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  • Scenic quality  (1)
  • parasitoid  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Scenic quality ; Landscape ; Management ; Preference policies ; Resource ; Value ; Model ; Computer ; Assessment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Incorporation of aesthetic considerations in the process of landscape planning and development has frequently met with poor results due to its lack of theoretical basis, public involvement, and failure to deal with spatial implications. This problem has been especially evident when dealing with large areas, for example, the Adirondacks, Scenic Highways, and National Forests and Parks. This study made use of public participation to evaluate scenic quality in a portion of the Niagara Escarpment in Southern Ontario, Canada. The results of this study were analyzed using thevisual management model proposed by Brown and Itami (1982) as a means of assessing and evaluating scenic quality. Themap analysis package formulated by Tomlin (1980) was then applied to this assessment for the purpose of spatial mapping of visual impact. The results of this study illustrate that it is possible to assess visual quality for landscape/management, preservation, and protection using a theoretical basis, public participation, and a systematic spatial mapping process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Aproaerema modicella ; parasitoid ; pathogen ; groundnut ; India ; Aproaerema modicella ; parasitoïde ; pathogène ; arachide ; Inde
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La mineuse des feuilles d'arachide,Aproaerema modicella (Deventer) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) est un ravageur important des cultures d'arachide et de soja en Asie du sud. Un grand nombre d'ennemis naturels des larves de la mineuse, notamment des parasitoïdes hyménoptères, ont été signalés. Au cours de cette étude, neuf espèces de parasitoïdes primaires et huit espèces de parasitoïdes secondaires ont été obtenues par émergence à partir de larves prélevées sur le terrain. Les taux de mortalité dûs à ces parasitoïdes peuvent atteindre 50% des larves de chaque génération de la mineuse. L'efficacité de ces ennemis naturels est diminuée par l'emploi d'insecticides. Les interactions trophiques entre parasitoides primaires et secondaires au sein de cette biocoenose sont complexes et ne sont pas entièrement élucidées. Deux pathogènes non-identifiés ont aussi été notés sur les larves de la mineuse. Les taux de mortalité des larves de la mineuse dûs à ces deux pathogènes en combinaison ont atteint 30% dans le cas d'une des générations étudiées. Au total, les ennemis naturels en Inde péninsulaire provoquent une mortalité de 95% des larves de la mineuse.
    Notes: Abstract Natural enemies of the groundnut leaf miner,Aproaerema modicella (Deventer), were studied at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) located near Hyderabad in peninsular India. Hymenopterous parasitoids attacking leaf miner larvae were the most important group of natural enemies. Nine primary and eight secondary parasitoids emerged from host larvae, and killed up to 50% of the leaf miner larvae sampled. The trophic relationships between primary and secondary parasitoids are incompletely understood. The influence of pathogens of this species is reported for the first time. These pathogens killed up to 30% of the leaf miner larvae. The combined effects of all mortality agents killed up to 95% of the leaf miner larvae per sample period. However, use of insecticides in sprayed plots reduced the efficacy of parasitoids. The impact of predators on larval populations was not studied and may explain underestimates of leaf miner mortality rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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