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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioactive bone cement: Comparison of apatite and wollastonite containing glass-ceramic, hydroxyapatite, and β-tricalcium phosphate fillers on bone-bonding strength (1998)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 42 (1998), S. 223-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: bioactive bone cement ; apatite-wollastonite-glass-ceramic ; hydroxyapatite ; β-tricalcium phosphate; bone-bonding strength ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A study was conducted to compare the bone-bonding strengths of three types of bioactive bone cement, consisting of either apatite- and wollastonite-containing glass-ceramic (AW-GC) powder, hydroxyapatite (HA) powder, or β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) powder as an inorganic filler and bisphenol-a-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA) based resin as an organic matrix. Seventy percent (w/w) filler was added to the cement. Rectangular plates (10 × 15 × 2 mm) of each cement were made and abraded with #2000 alumina powder. After soaking in simulated body fluid for 2 days, the AW cement (AWC) and HA cement (HAC) formed bonelike apatite over their entire surfaces, but the TCP cement (TCPC) did not. Plates of each type of cement were implanted into the tibial metaphyses of male Japanese white rabbits, and the failure loads were measured by a detaching test at 10 and 25 weeks after implantation. The failure loads of AWC, HAC, and TCPC were 3.95, 2.04, and 2.03 kgf at 10 weeks and 4.36, 3.45, and 3.10 kgf at 25 weeks, respectively. The failure loads of the AWC were significantly higher than those of the HAC and TCPC at 10 and 25 weeks. Histological examination by contact microradiogram and Giemsa surface staining of the bone-cement interface revealed that all the bioactive bone cements were in direct contact with bone. However, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis showed that only AWC had contacted to the bone via a Ca-P rich layer formed at the interface between the AW-GC powder and the bone, which might explain its high bone-bonding strength. Neither the HAC nor the TCPC contacted the bone through such a layer between each powder and the bone, although the HAC and TCPC directly contacted with bone. Our results indicate that all three types of abraded and prefabricated cement have bonding strength to bone, but AWC has superior bone-bonding strength compared to HAC and TCPC. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 42, 223-237, 1998.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface structural change of bioactive inorganic filler-resin composite cement in simulated body fluid: Effect of resin (1998)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 42 (1998), S. 604-610 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: apatite ; composite cement ; bioactivity ; simulated body fluid ; resin ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Recently much attention has been paid to bioactive filler-resin composite cements because they can solidify in a few minutes to give high mechanical strengths and they can bond to living bone. In this study the dependence on resin of apatite-forming ability in simulated body fluid (SBF) was investigated for the composite cements of bioactive CaO-SiO2-P2O5-CaF2 glass with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or bisphenol-a-glycidyl methacrylate/triethyleneglycol (Bis-GMA/TEGDMA) resin. The PMMA-containing composite cement did not show the apatite-forming ability in SBF because the reaction of the glass grains with SBF was inhibited due to the complete covering of the grains with PMMA. To the contrary, the Bis-GMA/TEGDMA-containing cement exhibited high apatite-forming ability in SBF; these monomers significantly dissolved from the composite surface into SBF, causing a direct exposure of the glass grains to SBF to convert into silica gel. It is assumed that thus formed silica gels, and the silicate ions that were dissolved and adsorbed onto the composite surface, induced the apatite nucleation between the spaces of the glass grains and on the composite surface, respectively. A continuous bone-like apatite layer was formed on the top surface of the glass-Bis-GMA/TEGDMA composite cement in a short period. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 42, 604-610, 1998.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioactive bone cement: Comparison of AW-GC filler with hydroxyapatite and β-TCP fillers on mechanical and biological properties (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 37 (1997), S. 301-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: bioactive bone cement ; AW glass-ceramic ; hydroxyapatite ; β-TCP ; bioactivity ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Three types of bioactive bone cement (designated AWC, HAC, and TCPC), each consisting of bisphenol-a-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA)-based resin and a bioactive filler of apatite and wollastonite containing glass-ceramic (AW-GC), sintered hydroxyapatite (HA), or β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) powder were made in order to evaluate the influence of the bioactive filler on the mechanical and biological properties of bone cement. The proportion of filler added to the cements was 70% w/w. The compressive, bending, and tensile strengths and the fracture toughness of AWC were higher than HAC and TCPC under wet conditions. The cements were evaluated in vivo by packing them into the intramedullary canals of rat tibiae. An affinity index that equalled the length of bone in direct apposition to the cement was calculated for each cement and expressed as a percentage of the total length of the cement surface. Histological examination of rat tibiae up to 8 weeks after implantation revealed that AWC had higher bioactivity than HAC and TCPC. New bone had formed along the AWC surface within 2 weeks, and at 4 weeks newly formed bone surrounded the cement surface almost completely. In HAC- and TCPC-implanted tibiae, immature bone had formed directly toward but not along the cement surface at 2 weeks. Observation of cement-bone interfaces showed that AWC had bonded to the bone via a so-called “Ca-P-rich layer”; the cement-bone interface remained stable, and the width of the CA-P-rich layer became thicker with time. On the other hand, in HAC- and TCPC-implanted tibiae, the cement surface fillers were surrounded by new bone and were absorbed gradually to become bone matrix. The cement-bone interfaces went inside the cement with time. Our results indicate that stronger interstitial bonding between the inorganic filler and the organic matrix resin in AWC lead to higher mechanical properties; results also indicate that the more stable cement-bone interface and higher bioactivity of AWC are due to early and uniform apatite formation on the cement surface. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 37, 301-313, 1997.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
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