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  • ion leakage  (2)
  • atmospheric deposition  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Method to estimate atmospheric deposition of base cations in coniferous throughfall (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 2229-2234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: base cations ; surrogate surface ; ion leakage ; internal circulation ; dry deposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A convenient non-electric method for estimating the dry deposition of base cations on a coniferous forest is presented. The dry deposition is estimated by multiplying the ratio of the base cation deposition to the sodium deposition on a surrogate surface with the dry deposition of sodium on the forest stand (throughfall technique). The surrogate surface is designed to resemble the needles in a coniferous forest with respect to particle deposition. Atmospheric non-marine dry deposition measured using the surrogate surface was compared to model calculated depositions. There was a good agreement for calcium but not for potassium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01186165
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of atmospheric deposition and internal circulation of base cations to a forested catchment area (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 2235-2240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: base cations ; surrogate surface ; ion leakage ; internal circulation ; dry deposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The dry deposition of base cations to a Norway spruce stand was estimated by multiplying the ratio of the ion deposition to the sodium deposition on a surrogate surface with the dry deposition of sodium on the forest stand. The method can in principle only be applied to species that are present only in particles, but the method gives reasonable results when tested on ions that are also dry deposited in other forms (SO 4 2− . NO 3 − and NH 4 + ). The atmospheric input and especially the dry deposition of base cations is an important replacement for the loss of base cations from the soil by run-off. The calculated internal circulation of K+ and Ca2+ showed maxima synchronously with rainfall maxima and constitute 71% and 53%, respectively, of the net throughfall deposition. The internal circulation of Ca2+ was almost equal to the SO2 uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01186166
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An examination of current Hg deposition and export in Fenno-Scandian catchments (1998)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 40 (1998), S. 125-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: atmospheric deposition ; catchment output ; Fenno-Scandia ; mercury cycling ; methylmercury ; mercury
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The input and output flux data of total Hg (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) from three catchments located in different geographical regions in Sweden and one catchment in southern Finland were compared to elucidate the role of current atmospheric Hg/MeHg deposition with regard to waterborne Hg/MeHg output. There was a negative co-variaton between the open field THg inputs and the ratio of THg output to open field input. The highest ratio (and lowest input) occurring in N. Sweden and S. Finland, while the lowest output ratio (and highest inputs) occurred in southwest Sweden. A much larger variation was found in the ratio of output to open field input for MeHg (14 to 160%). Examinations of MeHg input/output data in relation to catchment charateristics suggest that riparian peat, mires and wet organic soil contributed to the large MeHg output from certain catchments, probably due to in situ production of MeHg. This finding is consistent with other studies which have found that catchment characteristics such as wetland area, flow pathways, seasonal temperature and water flow are important in controlling the output of MeHg. These catchment characteristics govern the fate of the contemporary input of Hg and MeHg as well as the mobilization of the soil pools.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005926321337
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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