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The growth and phenotypic expression of human osteoblasts (1996)

Ruder, Craig R. ; Dixon, Patricia ; Mikos, Antonios G. ; [et al.]

Springer

Cytotechnology 22 (1996), S. 263-267

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ISSN: 1573-0778

Keywords: biodegradable ; bone regeneration ; cell culture ; human cell osteoblasts ; polymers

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: Abstract The care of patients with a skeletal deficiency currently involves the use of bone graft or a non-biologic material such as a metal or polymer. There are alternate possibilities in development which involve the growth of bone cells (osteoblasts) on degradable polymer scaffolds. These tissue engineering strategies require production of the polymeric scaffold, cellular harvest followed by either ex vivo or in vivo growth of the cells on the scaffold, and exploration of the interaction between the cell and scaffold. Research into these strategies utilizes cells from a variety of species, but clinical applications will likely require human osteoblasts. This study explores the process whereby human osteoblasts are harvested under sterile conditions during joint replacement surgery from normally discarded cancellous bone, transported from the operating room to the lab, and grown in culture. This process is feasible, and the cells express their phenotype via the production of alkaline phosphatase and collagen in culture.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00353947

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Mini-review: Islet transplantation to create a bioartificial pancreas (1994)

Mikos, Antonios G. ; Papadaki, Maria G. ; Kouvroukoglou, Stylianos ; [et al.]

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Biotechnology and Bioengineering 43 (1994), S. 673-677

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ISSN: 0006-3592

Keywords: islet transplantation ; bioartificial pancreas ; immunoisolation ; extravascular devices ; macroencapsulation ; microencapsulation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: Donor scarcity precludes the use of pancreatic transplantation to treat type I diabetes. Xenogeneic islet transplantation offers the possibility of overcoming this problem; however, it entails the use of immunoisolation devices to prevent immune rejection of the transplanted islets. These devices consist of a semipermeable membrane, which surrounds the islets and isolates them from the host's immune system, while allowing the passage of insulin and essential nutrients, including glucose. Problems associated with proposed device designs include diffusion limitations, biocompatibility, device retrieval in the event of failure, and mechanical integrity. Microencapsulation appears to be the most promising system of immunoisolation, however, the design of a device suitable for human clinical use remains a challenge. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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