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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A double-blind comparison of felodipine and hydrochlorothiazide added to metoprolol to control hypertension (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 34 (1988), S. 21-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: felodipine ; metoprolol ; hydrochlorothiazide ; hypertension ; blood pressure ; adverse effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seventy-six uncomplicated hypertensive patients treated in General Practice, whose seated diastolic blood pressure (Phase V) (dBP) remained ≥95 mmHg after a minimum of 4 weeks treatment with metoprolol 50 mg b.i.d. as antihypertensive monotherapy, were randomized to receive the selective ‘calcium antagonist’ felodipine 5 mg b.i.d. or hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg b.i.d. in addition to metroprolol 50 mg b.i.d. The trial duration was 8 weeks, the dose of the felodipine or hydrochlorothiazide being doubled after 4 weeks if ‘control’ of BP (dBP 〈90 mmHg) was not achieved on the initial doses. Over the trial period of 8 weeks, felodipine reduced dBP from 102 to 85 mmHg and hydrochlorothiazide from 101 to 91 mmHg; the dBP reduction in the felodipine group was greater than that in the hydrochlorothiazide group (17 vs 9 mmHg) and the attained dBP lower in the felodipine group. About half of the patients in each group required the higher dose. Both regimes were effective and well tolerated. In the dosages used, felodipine was a slightly more effective antihypertensive drug than hydrochlorothiazide when added to metoprolol. There was no apparent difference in the tolerability of the two regimes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01061411
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An investigation of extraction procedures for assessing the phosphate rock residue in multicomponent fertilisers (1993)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 34 (1993), S. 223-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: alkaline ammonium citrate extraction ; extractable P distributions ; multicomponent fertilisers ; neutral ammonium acetate extraction ; neutral ammonium citrate extraction ; residue analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Five chemical extractants-water, neutral ammonium acetate, neutral ammonium citrate (hot and cold) and alkaline ammonium citrate-have been assessed on their ability to efficiently isolate the residual phosphate rock present in multicomponent fertilisers without affecting the phosphate rock. Phosphoric acid-based partially acidulated phosphate rocks (PAPRs) were manufactured along with several LONGLIFE (LL, single superphosphate to which “reactive” phosphate rock is added ex-den) materials for the assessment of these extractants. Each extractant was assessed by analysing the resultant residual phosphate rock isolated from each multicomponent fertiliser and comparing its chemical properties with the original phosphate rock used to manufacture the products. An analysis of “extractable phosphorus” was also undertaken. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed on selected phosphate rock residues as an independent method of examining the extraction techniques. Water and neutral ammonium acetate were found to be unsatisfactory for use as extractants; neither removed calcium sulphate when present, while the latter also did not appear to extract all the monocalcium phosphate component. The remaining three extractants all removed soluble phosphorus components and “impurity species” from the fertiliser products, leaving the residual phosphate rock relatively unaffected. Residue analyses were only slightly modified to those of the original rocks, although there were some inconsistencies in results obtained using hot neutral ammonium citrate. X-ray diffraction analysis showed no significant differences between residues produced from neutral ammonium citrate or alkaline ammonium citrate extractions, but water and neutral ammonium acetate residues confirmed the presence of calcium sulphate in LL and the presence of monocalcium phosphate in a neutral ammonium acetate extracted PAPR. From this study, cold neutral ammonium citrate and alkaline ammonium citrate appear to be equally suitable for isolating the phosphate rock from a multicomponent fertiliser, leaving the residual rock substantially unmodified from the original phosphate rock. However, there was a slight preference for cold neutral ammonium citrate due to its ease of preparation and use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00750568
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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