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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for N2 fixation at different levels of available phosphorus under field and environmentally-controlled conditions (1989)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 115 (1989), S. 75-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: dinitrogen fixation ; inbred backcross method ; rhizobia ; shoot N content ; selection criteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Phosphorus is one of several factors which affect N2 fixation and along with N, is a principal yield-limiting nutrient in many regions of the world. Since the legume plant is an essential partner in symbiotic N2 fixation, knowledge of host genotype variability for this process at different levels of P availability will be useful when breeding bean cultivars for enhanced N2 fixation. The objective of this study was to obtain common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines able with enhanced ability to support biological N2 fixation under different levels of available phosphorus. Experiments were conducted in a growth room using a sand-alumina system to provide different levels of available P and in the field on a low-N soil. In the growth room studies, P availability strongly affected plant growth and traits related to N2 fixation. No significant interaction was detected for P levels × bean lines, indicating that bean lines performed similarly at both high and low P levels. Total shoot N was used as a direct and indirect measure of N2-fixation potential under growth room (N-free media) and field (low-N soil) conditions, respectively. Based on this criterion, two of the 41 and 54 inbred backcross lines of a segregating population evaluated in the growth room and the field, respectively, contained greater shoot N content than the recurrent parent and N shoot contents similar to the donor parent. Variability of N2 fixation under low available P was observed, and high N2 fixing and high yielding progeny lines were detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02220696
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of nitrogen in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes selected for differences in nitrogen fixation ability (1991)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 138 (1991), S. 303-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: breeding ; common bean ; dinitrogen fixation ; 15N-depleted fertilizer ; N partitioning ; Phaseolus vulgaris L. ; selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The improvement of N2 fixation in legumes may lead to increased yields and reduced fertilizer requirement. Levels of N2 fixation were determined for three cultivars and nine progeny lines from two inbred backcross common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) populations that were grown at Hancock, Wissconsin in 1984 and 1985 using 15N-depleted (NH4)2SO4. The high N2-fixing line ‘Puebla 152’ was the donor parent for both inbred backcross populations and the cultivars ‘Porrillo Sintetico’ and ‘Sanilac’ were the recurrent parents for populations 21 and 24, respectively. Total N yield, fixed N2 and % N derived from the atmosphere were determined for whole plants and plant parts at the R3 (50% bloom) and R9 (maturity) growth stages. Significant year-by-line interactions were found for N2 fixation traits among the population 21 lines and parents, but not for population 24 lines and their parents. Measures of N2 fixation at R3 were inadequate to predict N2 fixation at R9. Population 24 lines and parents differed for N2 fixation ability at R9, and fixed N2 was correlated with maturity. The recovery of an inbred backcross progeny line, 24-21, which matured earlier and fixed more N2 than the recurrent parent ‘Sanilac’ indicated that N2 fixation was heritable and that favorable alleles, independent of maturity, were recovered from a late-maturing, high N2-fixing donor parent by utilizing the inbred backcross breeding method. Since most fixed N2 and non-fixed N (〉80%) was found in the seeds at maturity, and most lines did not vary for the distribution of nitrogen throughout the plant, selection for improved remobilization of nitrogen to the seed to increase yield is impractical in this genetic material. The highest N2-fixing lines tended to have high and similar % Ndfa in all plant parts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00012256
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection for increased nodule number in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 148 (1993), S. 203-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: combining ability ; dinitrogen fixation ; grain legumes ; recurrent selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants were grown for 21–28 days in plastic container-modified Leonard jar assemblies and placed in a controlled-environment room. The nodules on each plant were removed, counted; selected plants were repotted, grown and intercrossed to produce progenies for the next cycle of recurrent selection. Among the ten parent lines, Puebla 152 and WBR 22–34 produced the most nodules and Rio Tibagi and Negro Argel the fewest, when averaged over five experiments. An analysis of number of nodules on F1 plants resulting from crosses made in a partial diallel design among the ten parents revealed highly significants variation for general combining ability (GCA) but not for specific combining ability (SCA). After three cycles of recurrent selection for nodule number per plant, the mean nodule number was 211% of the mean for the 10 parents control. Total nodule weight on selected plants also increased, but individual nodule weight decreased. Nineteen C1 and 18 C2 lines resulting from the individual plants selected for greater nodule number, along with the ten parents and two non-nodulating soybean lines included as non-fixing check plants were grown in a single experiment in a low-N field. C2 lines on average accumulated significantly more N per plant than either the parents or C1 lines, providing evidence for increased N2 fixation measured by the N difference method. These data show that more nodules, possibly resulting from greater susceptibility to nodulation, are an important, heritable component of symbiosis and that selection for increased nodule number resulted in lines capable of fixing more atmospheric N2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00012858
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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